Processes behind and impacts of South China Sea winter cold tongue variations

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Located in the Southeast Asia, the South China Sea is the world’s largest marginal tropical sea and is part of the Indo-Pacific warm pool. This region has important economic and environmental significances for the Southeast Asia, which is home to nearly 10% of the world’s population that depends on the South China Sea for food and livelihoods. The theme of this 3-year research project from FY2019 to FY2022 is on the processes and impacts of the South China Sea winter cold tongue (CT) and its associated atmospheric circulation starting from FY2019. The research has two key aims, which are to investigate (1) atmospheric and oceanic processes behind the CT and (2) atmospheric impact of the CT sea surface temperatures.The research was performed using Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC)’s coupled climate model and Center for Climate Research Singapore (CCRS)’s regional scale atmospheric model. Several sensitivity experiments were performed using those models and their results were analyzed.The project has culminated with the communications of results via one domestic conference (i.e. The Oceanographic Society of Japan meeting), two international conferences (i.e. Asia-Oceania Geoscience Society meetings) and two peer reviewed international journal publications (i.e. Journal of Climate and Quarterly Journal of Royal Meteorological Society).