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Reduced facial mimicry as a correlate of an impaired emotional interaction in alexithymia?

面部模仿减少与述情障碍情绪互动受损有关？

基本信息

批准号：
334977469
负责人：
Professor Dr. Matthias Franz
金额：
--
依托单位：
Klinisches Institut für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2016-12-31 至 2018-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/334977469?language=en
关键词：
Reduced facial mimicry correlate impaired

项目摘要

Perception and communication of affective signals within social relations represent a crucial competence of a functional and adaptive regulation of interpersonal interaction. The term alexithymia refers to an impairment of this social ability. It covers the impairment (1) to recognize affective states in the self and in others, (2) to label these affective states as discrete feelings and (3) to communicate them on a linguistic level. As a normally distributed personality trait, alexithymia is associated with psychological symptom load. However, this construct is distinguishable from other psychological disorders (e.g. schizoid personality disorder, depression, autism). Up to now, the relationship between alexithymia and the ability to exchange affective states by facial expression and mimicry between interacting individuals has not been focused intensively. The main target of the planned study is to determine whether alexithymic persons (TAS sum score > 61) are less susceptible for emotional contagion triggered by naturalistic facial affect expression compared to non alexithymic controls. The main dependent variable is the subjects own facial mimicry in response to dynamically presented affect expressive faces (anger, grief, anxiety, disgust, joy) of preschool children and adults. Therefore, the facial mimicry is operationalized as facial EMG activity (fEMG) of the m. corrugator and m. zygomaticus within a timeframe of 3 seconds after stimulus onset. In the experimental procedure, video sequences of facial affect expressions, validated in pilot studies, will be presented. Each video sequence starts with a neutral facial expression followed by an affect presentation dynamically increasing to the maximal affect expression. It is assumed that alexithymic subjects who are exposed to video sequences of dynamic facial affect expressions will show in general a decreased fEMG response compared to the control group (main effect Group). Due to the evolutionary significance of the Kindchenschema it is further assumed that the presentation of affect expressive mimicry of infantile faces induces a stronger fEMG response compared to adult faces even in alexithymic subjects (main effect Kindchenschema). These assumptions will be investigated within variance analytic models. An impaired facial mimicry within face to face interaction, especially in alexithymic persons, could represent a social stressor but also a target for psychotherapeutic approaches. This association may contribute to innovative perspectives in the development of new treatments and preventive approaches. Therapeutic focusing and promoting mimic responsitivity and the associated self-awareness could be a promising starting point improving socioemotional abilities of alexithymic individuals. This could also have a positive effect on the psychosomatic symptom load associated with alexithymic impairment.

社会关系中情感信号的感知和交流代表了人际互动的功能性和适应性调节的关键能力。述情障碍一词指的是这种社交能力的损害。它涵盖了以下障碍：(1) 识别自我和他人的情感状态；(2) 将这些情感状态标记为离散的感觉；(3) 在语言层面上交流它们。作为一种正态分布的人格特质，述情障碍与心理症状负荷相关。然而，这种结构与其他心理障碍（例如精神分裂型人格障碍、抑郁症、自闭症）是有区别的。到目前为止，述情障碍与互动个体之间通过面部表情和模仿来交换情感状态的能力之间的关系尚未得到集中关注。计划研究的主要目标是确定与非述情障碍者相比，述情障碍患者（TAS 总分 > 61）是否更不容易受到自然面部情感表达引发的情绪感染。主要的因变量是受试者自己的面部模仿，以响应学龄前儿童和成人动态呈现的情感表情面部（愤怒、悲伤、焦虑、厌恶、喜悦）。因此，面部模仿被操作为 m 的面部肌电图活动（fEMG）。瓦楞机和 m.刺激开始后 3 秒内刺激颧骨。在实验过程中，将呈现经过试点研究验证的面部情感表达的视频序列。每个视频序列都以中性面部表情开始，然后是动态增加到最大情感表达的情感呈现。据推测，与对照组（主效应组）相比，暴露于动态面部情感表达视频序列的述情障碍受试者通常会表现出降低的 fEMG 反应。由于 Kindchenschema 的进化意义，进一步假设即使在有述情障碍的受试者中，婴儿面孔的情感表达模仿也会引起比成人面孔更强的 fEMG 反应（主效应 Kindchenschema）。这些假设将在方差分析模型中进行研究。面对面互动中面部模仿受损，尤其是有述情障碍的人，可能是一种社会压力源，但也是心理治疗方法的目标。这种协会可能有助于开发新疗法和预防方法的创新观点。治疗重点和促进模仿反应以及相关的自我意识可能是改善述情障碍个体社会情感能力的一个有希望的起点。这也可能对与述情障碍相关的心身症状负荷产生积极影响。