Young Infants' Detection of Emotion

小婴儿对情绪的感知

• 批准号: 10551618
• 负责人: Nicole Zieber
• 金额: $ 1.12万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS LAWRENCE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-01-15 至 2022-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10551618
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Age; Age-Months; Anger; Area; Arousal; Attention; Autonomic nervous system; Award; Awareness; Behavioral; Caliber; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cues; Data; Detection; Development; Discrimination; Doctor of Philosophy; Emotional; Emotions; Empathy; Experimental Psychology; Eye; Face; Face Processing; Facial Expression; Fright; Goals; Happiness; Health; Impairment; Individual Differences; Infant; Infant Development; Institutes; Interdisciplinary Study; Knowledge; Literature; Longevity; Longitudinal Studies; Masks; Measures; Mediating; Methods; Modeling; Negative Valence; Nervous System Physiology; Outcome; Pattern; Perception; Phase; Population; Positioning Attribute; Positive Valence; Process; Property; Protocols documentation; Psychometrics; Publications; Pupil; Research; Research Personnel; Saccades; Sampling; Side; Smiling; Social Development; Social Functioning; Speed; Statistical Methods; Stimulus; Testing; Time; Tonic Pupil; Training; Universities; Visit; Visual; autism spectrum disorder; base; behavioral response; collaborative environment; emotional stimulus; experience; experimental study; face mask; follow up assessment; indexing; individuals with autism spectrum disorder; infancy; information processing; interest; mimicry; preference; processing speed; rapid detection; response; showing emotion; skills; social; tenure track; virtual; visual tracking

Project Summary The perception of emotion starts with emotion detection, which reflects an ability to determine whether emotional content is present. The detection of emotional information is evolutionarily relevant, in that it allows for a rapid behavioral response when faced with threat. Emotion detection (and its relation to immediate threat) has primarily been studied with adults and very little is known about the development of this critical ability. The K99 portion of this proposal seeks to remedy the situation by testing infants for detection of emotional content in very brief stimulus presentations (50ms, 100ms, 200ms, 400ms). The infants will be tested using happy, angry, and fearful facial expressions and saccade latencies to different emotions will establish whether they are differentially detected; specifically, if threat-related emotions (i.e., anger, fear) are detected faster than non- threatening emotion (happiness). Additionally, eye-tracking and pupillometry measures will determine whether infants are utilizing specific features to detect distinct emotions and whether pupil diameter, an index of autonomic nervous system (ANS) function, is altered by emotional faces. Most importantly, the R00 phase of this award will be used to study a longitudinal sample to assess individual differences in detection speed across development and determine whether these relate to later developmental abilities. Candidate: The candidate has her Ph.D. in Experimental Psychology and has 2 years of postdoctoral research experience. She has a strong publication record despite a 4-year absence from her field due to health issues. With this award, she will reach her potential to become a successful independent investigator. Training: Specific training in the acquisition and analyses of eye-tracking data and the related measures of pupillometry will be useful in her pursuit of a tenure-track position at a Research I/Doctorate Extensive university. Becoming comfortable using MATLAB and conducting analyses using advanced statistical methods will be appropriate training aims to facilitate this goal. KU’s Life Span Institute is an interdisciplinary research center focused on development across the life span, and its collaborative environment will provide an ideal setting for the proposed research. Research: Using a cross-sectional study with 3.5- and 7.5-month-old infants, the proposed research will document the time course of emotion detection, potential preferential processing of threat-related emotions, how low-level visual features influence detection, and how ANS activity is differentially modulated by emotional content. The R00 phase will add an additional visit at 12.5 months and a follow-up assessment at 18 months. This study will establish cross-age stability across measures and examine their predictive validity for developmental outcomes. Documenting the development of this vital skill in early infancy has potential implications in the study of typical and atypical development, such as that in autism spectrum disorder.

项目概要 对情绪的感知始于情绪检测，情绪检测反映了判断情绪是否存在的能力。 存在情感内容。情绪信息的检测在进化上是相关的，因为它允许 面对威胁时做出快速的行为反应。情绪检测（及其与直接威胁的关系） 主要是针对成年人进行的研究，但人们对这种关键能力的发展知之甚少。这 该提案的 K99 部分旨在通过测试婴儿的情绪内容来纠正这种情况 在非常简短的刺激呈现中（50ms、100ms、200ms、400ms）。婴儿将使用 happy 进行测试， 愤怒和恐惧的面部表情以及对不同情绪的扫视潜伏期将确定他们是否 被差异检测到；具体来说，如果与威胁相关的情绪（即愤怒、恐惧）比非威胁相关的情绪（即愤怒、恐惧）被更快地检测到， 威胁情绪（幸福）。此外，眼球追踪和瞳孔测量测量将确定是否 婴儿正在利用特定的特征来检测不同的情绪以及瞳孔直径（一种情绪指数） 自主神经系统（ANS）功能会因情绪面孔而改变。最重要的是，R00阶段 该奖项将用于研究纵向样本，以评估检测速度的个体差异 跨越发展并确定这些是否与以后的发展能力有关。候选人： 候选人拥有博士学位。实验心理学博士，拥有2年博士后研究经验。 尽管由于健康问题离开她的领域四年，她仍然拥有良好的发表记录。有了这个 获奖后，她将发挥自己的潜力，成为一名成功的独立调查员。培训：具体 将进行眼动追踪数据采集和分析以及瞳孔测量相关测量方面的培训 这对于她在研究型/博士综合型大学寻求终身教职职位很有帮助。成为 熟练使用 MATLAB 并使用高级统计方法进行分析将是适当的 培训旨在促进这一目标的实现。 KU 的寿命研究所是一个跨学科研究中心，专注于 整个生命周期的发展及其协作环境将为 提出的研究。研究：通过对 3.5 个月和 7.5 个月大的婴儿进行横断面研究，建议 研究将记录情绪检测的时间过程、与威胁相关的潜在优先处理 情绪、低级视觉特征如何影响检测，以​​及 ANS 活动如何受到不同调节 情感内容。 R00 阶段将在 12.5 个月时增加一次额外访视，并在 18 个月时增加一次后续评估 几个月。这项研究将建立各种措施的跨年龄稳定性，并检验其预测有效性 发展成果。记录婴儿早期这一重要技能的发展具有潜力 对典型和非典型发展研究的影响，例如自闭症谱系障碍。