Young Infants' Detection of Emotion

项目摘要 情绪的感知始于情绪检测，情绪检测反映了一种确定是否 情感内容是存在的。情感信息的检测在进化上是相关的， 在面对威胁时做出快速的行为反应情绪检测（及其与即时威胁的关系） 主要是对成年人进行研究，对这种关键能力的发展知之甚少。的 该提案的K99部分试图通过测试婴儿以检测情感内容来纠正这种情况 在非常短的刺激呈现（50 ms、100 ms、200 ms、400 ms）中。婴儿将被测试使用快乐， 愤怒和恐惧的面部表情以及对不同情绪的扫视将确定他们是否 被不同地检测到;具体地，如果与威胁相关的情绪（即，愤怒、恐惧）比不愤怒更容易被发现。 幸福（happiness）此外，眼动追踪和瞳孔测量将确定是否 婴儿正在利用特定的特征来检测不同的情绪，以及瞳孔直径， 自主神经系统（ANS）的功能，被情绪化的面孔改变。最重要的是，R 00阶段 该奖项将用于研究纵向样本，以评估检测速度的个体差异 并确定这些是否与后来的发展能力有关。候选人：The 候选人拥有博士学位。在实验心理学，并有2年的博士后研究经验。 她有一个强大的出版记录，尽管4年没有从她的领域由于健康问题。与此 获奖后，她将发挥潜力，成为一名成功的独立调查员。培训：具体 在获取和分析眼动跟踪数据和瞳孔测量的相关措施的培训将是 这对她在一所研究I/博士学位广泛的大学追求终身职位很有帮助。成为 熟练使用MATLAB并使用先进的统计方法进行分析将是合适的 培训旨在促进这一目标。KU的寿命研究所是一个跨学科的研究中心，专注于 整个生命周期的发展，其协作环境将提供一个理想的环境， 提议的研究。研究：使用3.5个月和7.5个月大的婴儿进行横断面研究， 研究将记录情绪检测的时间过程，潜在的优先处理威胁相关的 情绪，低水平的视觉特征如何影响检测，以及ANS活动如何通过 情感内容R 00阶段将在12.5个月时增加一次额外访视，并在18个月时进行随访评估 个月这项研究将建立跨年龄的稳定性措施，并检查其预测有效性， 发展成果。记录婴儿早期这一重要技能的发展具有潜力 在典型和非典型发展的研究，如自闭症谱系障碍的影响。

Project Summary The perception of emotion starts with emotion detection, which reflects an ability to determine whether emotional content is present. The detection of emotional information is evolutionarily relevant, in that it allows for a rapid behavioral response when faced with threat. Emotion detection (and its relation to immediate threat) has primarily been studied with adults and very little is known about the development of this critical ability. The K99 portion of this proposal seeks to remedy the situation by testing infants for detection of emotional content in very brief stimulus presentations (50ms, 100ms, 200ms, 400ms). The infants will be tested using happy, angry, and fearful facial expressions and saccade latencies to different emotions will establish whether they are differentially detected; specifically, if threat-related emotions (i.e., anger, fear) are detected faster than non- threatening emotion (happiness). Additionally, eye-tracking and pupillometry measures will determine whether infants are utilizing specific features to detect distinct emotions and whether pupil diameter, an index of autonomic nervous system (ANS) function, is altered by emotional faces. Most importantly, the R00 phase of this award will be used to study a longitudinal sample to assess individual differences in detection speed across development and determine whether these relate to later developmental abilities. Candidate: The candidate has her Ph.D. in Experimental Psychology and has 2 years of postdoctoral research experience. She has a strong publication record despite a 4-year absence from her field due to health issues. With this award, she will reach her potential to become a successful independent investigator. Training: Specific training in the acquisition and analyses of eye-tracking data and the related measures of pupillometry will be useful in her pursuit of a tenure-track position at a Research I/Doctorate Extensive university. Becoming comfortable using MATLAB and conducting analyses using advanced statistical methods will be appropriate training aims to facilitate this goal. KU’s Life Span Institute is an interdisciplinary research center focused on development across the life span, and its collaborative environment will provide an ideal setting for the proposed research. Research: Using a cross-sectional study with 3.5- and 7.5-month-old infants, the proposed research will document the time course of emotion detection, potential preferential processing of threat-related emotions, how low-level visual features influence detection, and how ANS activity is differentially modulated by emotional content. The R00 phase will add an additional visit at 12.5 months and a follow-up assessment at 18 months. This study will establish cross-age stability across measures and examine their predictive validity for developmental outcomes. Documenting the development of this vital skill in early infancy has potential implications in the study of typical and atypical development, such as that in autism spectrum disorder.