Young Infants' Detection of Emotion

项目摘要 对情绪的感知始于情绪检测，这反映了一种确定是否 情感内容是存在的。情绪信息的检测在进化上是相关的，因为它允许 在面临威胁时做出快速的行为反应。情绪检测(及其与直接威胁的关系) 主要是在成人中进行研究，对这种关键能力的发展知之甚少。这个 这项提案的K99部分旨在通过测试婴儿的情绪内容来补救这种情况 在非常简短的刺激演示中(50ms、100ms、200ms、400ms)。婴儿将使用Happy进行测试， 愤怒、恐惧的面部表情和对不同情绪的眼跳潜伏期将确定他们是否 被区别地检测到；具体地说，如果检测到与威胁相关的情绪(例如，愤怒、恐惧)的速度比非 威胁情绪(幸福)。此外，眼球跟踪和斜视测量将决定是否 婴儿正在利用特定的特征来检测不同的情绪，以及是否有瞳孔直径，这是一种 自主神经系统(ANS)的功能是由情绪面孔改变的。最重要的是，R00阶段 该奖项将用于研究纵向样本，以评估个体在检测速度方面的差异。 并确定它们是否与后来的发展能力有关。候选人： 应聘者拥有实验心理学博士学位，有两年博士后研究经验。 尽管她因为健康问题离开了自己的领域四年，但她的出版记录很好。有了这个 获奖后，她将发挥自己的潜力，成为一名成功的独立调查员。培训：特定 将对眼球跟踪数据的获取和分析以及相关的瞳孔测量措施进行培训 对她在研究I/博士学位广泛的大学寻求终身教职很有帮助。成为 熟练使用MatLab并使用先进的统计方法进行分析将是合适的 培训旨在促进这一目标。Ku的寿命研究所是一个跨学科的研究中心，专注于 跨越生命周期的发展，其协作环境将为 拟开展的研究。研究：使用一项对3.5个月和7.5个月大的婴儿进行的横断面研究，建议 研究将记录情绪检测的时间进程，潜在的与威胁相关的优先处理 情绪，低水平视觉特征如何影响检测，以及ANS活动如何通过 情绪化内容。R00阶段将增加12.5个月的额外访问和18个月的后续评估 月份。这项研究将建立跨年龄稳定性的衡量标准，并检验其预测有效性 发展成果。记录这项重要技能在婴儿期的发展是有潜力的 在典型和非典型发育研究中的意义，例如在自闭症谱系障碍中。

Project Summary The perception of emotion starts with emotion detection, which reflects an ability to determine whether emotional content is present. The detection of emotional information is evolutionarily relevant, in that it allows for a rapid behavioral response when faced with threat. Emotion detection (and its relation to immediate threat) has primarily been studied with adults and very little is known about the development of this critical ability. The K99 portion of this proposal seeks to remedy the situation by testing infants for detection of emotional content in very brief stimulus presentations (50ms, 100ms, 200ms, 400ms). The infants will be tested using happy, angry, and fearful facial expressions and saccade latencies to different emotions will establish whether they are differentially detected; specifically, if threat-related emotions (i.e., anger, fear) are detected faster than non- threatening emotion (happiness). Additionally, eye-tracking and pupillometry measures will determine whether infants are utilizing specific features to detect distinct emotions and whether pupil diameter, an index of autonomic nervous system (ANS) function, is altered by emotional faces. Most importantly, the R00 phase of this award will be used to study a longitudinal sample to assess individual differences in detection speed across development and determine whether these relate to later developmental abilities. Candidate: The candidate has her Ph.D. in Experimental Psychology and has 2 years of postdoctoral research experience. She has a strong publication record despite a 4-year absence from her field due to health issues. With this award, she will reach her potential to become a successful independent investigator. Training: Specific training in the acquisition and analyses of eye-tracking data and the related measures of pupillometry will be useful in her pursuit of a tenure-track position at a Research I/Doctorate Extensive university. Becoming comfortable using MATLAB and conducting analyses using advanced statistical methods will be appropriate training aims to facilitate this goal. KU’s Life Span Institute is an interdisciplinary research center focused on development across the life span, and its collaborative environment will provide an ideal setting for the proposed research. Research: Using a cross-sectional study with 3.5- and 7.5-month-old infants, the proposed research will document the time course of emotion detection, potential preferential processing of threat-related emotions, how low-level visual features influence detection, and how ANS activity is differentially modulated by emotional content. The R00 phase will add an additional visit at 12.5 months and a follow-up assessment at 18 months. This study will establish cross-age stability across measures and examine their predictive validity for developmental outcomes. Documenting the development of this vital skill in early infancy has potential implications in the study of typical and atypical development, such as that in autism spectrum disorder.