Terrestrial system response to North Atlantic climate oscillations during the last glacial cycle: high resolution loess-palaeosol sequences from Remagen-Schwalbenberg (Middle Rhine Valley, Germany) - TerraClime

我们对第四纪气候变化和强迫的理解很大程度上来自海洋和冰芯记录。相比之下，随着时间的推移，陆地系统对气候变化的反应仍然不明确。然而，了解景观对气候变化的反应至关重要：不仅因为我们人类生活在土地上并与土地相互作用，而且还因为陆地与大气的相互作用不同于海洋和冰盖。因此，我们必须研究陆地和大气系统之间反馈和强迫的性质。 TERRACLIME 项目将基于雷马根-施瓦尔本贝格（德国中莱茵河谷）的新型黄土-古土壤序列（LPS），研究末次冰河周期（LGC）期间陆地系统对北半球气候变化的响应。在准备研究期间进行的试点核心 REM 3A 产生了中欧和西欧古气候最丰富、最完整的景观响应序列，涵盖了 LGC 的大部分地区。早期研究的剖面和岩心记录不如新岩心那么长和完整，并且缺乏使用现有最先进方法进行高分辨率古气候重建，以及可靠的高分辨率年代框架。施瓦尔本贝格地区的系统地球物理勘探将成为确定最厚沉积物的基础，以进一步确定关键岩心和几个筛选岩心。 TERRACLIME 研究设计将基于连锁原理了解黄土对气候的响应；不同（关键和筛选）岩心之间的差异将使我们能够解耦作用于沉积物的局部、区域和超区域过程，并从三个维度阐明黄土沉积和形成的性质。TERRACLIME 将结合既定方法（沉积学、矿物学和环境磁学）与最近开发的替代方法（无机和稳定同位素地球化学以及生物标志物分析）。 LPS岩心分析将提供有关过去气候条件、沉积和沉积后蚀变过程以及植被历史的数据。生成的地球化学数据还将用于研究沉积物源区随时间变化的可能变化。该项目的关键是高分辨率发光测年，为施瓦尔本贝格序列建立可靠且独立的年龄模型。由此产生的年龄模型基于配对石英 OSL 和多矿物 pIR-IRSL 测年，将有助于将新的 Schwalbenberg LPS 与区域和全球古气候档案进行直接比较，以阐明 LGC 期间陆地对北大西洋气候振荡的反应。不同档案的年龄模型之间的同步性或滞后性将进一步提高我们对 LGC 上北半球气候变化的海洋、冰芯和陆地记录器之间联系的理解。

Our understanding of climate variability and forcing during the Quaternary is largely derived from marine and ice core records. The response of terrestrial systems to climate change through time, by contrast, remains poorly defined. Nevertheless, understanding landscape response to climate variability is of critical importance: not only because we as people live on and interact with the land, but also because land interacts differently with the atmosphere than do the oceans and ice sheets. Consequently we must investigate the nature of feedbacks and forcings between terrestrial and atmospheric systems.The TERRACLIME project will investigate terrestrial system response to northern hemisphere climate change during the last glacial cycle (LGC), based on novel loess-palaeosol sequences (LPS) from Remagen-Schwalbenberg (Middle Rhine Valley, Germany). Pilot core REM 3A, conducted during preparatory studies, yields the thickest and most complete sequence of landscape response to palaeoclimate in Central and Western Europe, spanning much of the LGC. The records of profiles and cores from earlier studies were not as long and complete as the new core, and they lacked high resolution palaeoclimate reconstruction using state of the art methods now available, as well as reliable high resolution chronological frameworks.Systematic geophysical prospection of the Schwalbenberg area will be the base to identify the thickest deposits for a further key core and several screening cores. The TERRACLIME research design will yield an understanding of loess response to climate based on the catena principle; variabilities between different (key and screening) cores will enable us to decouple local, regional and supra-regional processes acting on the deposits and to elucidate the nature of loess deposition and formation in three dimensions.TERRACLIME will combine established methods (sedimentology, mineralogy and environmental magnetism) with recently developed proxy approaches (inorganic and stable isotope geochemistry, and biomarker analyses). LPS core analyses will provide data on past climatic conditions, sedimentation and post-sedimentary alteration processes, and vegetation history. Geochemical data generated will furthermore be used to investigate possible shifts in sediment source areas through time.Pivotal to the project is high resolution luminescence dating to establish a reliable and independent age model for the Schwalbenberg sequences. The resulting age model, based on paired quartz OSL and polymineral pIR-IRSL dating, will facilitate direct comparison of the new Schwalbenberg LPS with regional and global palaeoclimate archives to elucidate terrestrial response to North Atlantic climate oscillations during the LGC. Synchronicity or lags between the age models from the different archives will further improve our understanding of the links between marine, ice core and terrestrial recorders of climate change in the northern hemisphere over the LGC.