The Mittani - Middle Assyrian Transition in Northwestern Mesopotamia

美索不达米亚西北部的米塔尼-中亚述过渡

• 批准号: 348144975
• 负责人: Dr. Federico Buccellati
• 金额: --
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/348144975?language=en
• 关键词: Mittani; Middle; Assyrian; Transition; Northwestern

While there are detailed studies for specific aspects of both the Mittani and middle Assyrian periods (late 2nd Millennium BC), and even (primarily for the middle Assyrian) some comprehensive studies, what is lacking is a monographic comparison between these two periods as well as the transition between the two. The vicinity, in terms of space and time, between these two states is surprising: within a few decades at most the political power controlling the Jazirah changed dramatically from Mittani to middle Assyrian control. The distance, in terms of material culture and mechanisms of territorial control, between these two states is equally surprising. The Mittani presence is marked by a few monumental structures and a few unique aspects of material culture at select sites in areas which otherwise demonstrate a continuity of local traditions. The middle Assyrian presence had a larger impact in terms of architecture as well as material culture, due in large part to the diffuse administrative system used to control territories. In comparing the impact on material culture that the two states had, several questions arise. To what extent is the cultural impact of these two states different in polities under their control? Is the diversity in representation of material culture related, directly or indirectly, to the mechanisms of political control? Does the quantity and quality of the dissemination of material culture play a role in the way scholars apply the modern terms of Empire, Kingdom or State to such societies? The polities which fall under Mittani and/or Assyrian control have their own local traditions and style; how are these affected by the arrival of new stylistic impulses? The answers to these questions can be found in a detailed comparison of the material culture of the Mittani and middle Assyrian states; a comparison which brings answers because by placing the two next to each other their similarities and differences come to the fore. This project includes both breadth and depth of elements of material culture from both political states. The breadth on which this project draws is a set of 64 sites with published material from either the Mittani or middle Assyrian periods, or both. These sites, then, lead both to a definition of Mittani and middle Assyrian material culture as well as their distribution over the areas under political control. The changes in that distribution between the two political entities as well as their relationship with local traditions will form the basis from which the questions above can be answered. The project also includes a deeper sample of data from Tell Chuera, by including unpublished material from excavation areas dating to both the Mittani and the middle Assyrian periods, allowing for a detailed understanding of the transition under investigation. The material from Tell Fekheriye, a city at the heart of the Mittani state, gives a solid foundation from which to define Mittani material culture.

虽然对米塔尼和亚述中期（公元前2千纪晚期）的具体方面有详细的研究，甚至（主要是对亚述中期）有一些全面的研究，但缺乏的是这两个时期之间的专题比较以及两者之间的过渡。这两个国家在空间和时间上的接近程度令人惊讶：最多在几十年内，控制Jazirah的政治权力从Mittani急剧变化到中亚述的控制。在物质文化和领土控制机制方面，这两个国家之间的距离同样令人惊讶。米塔尼人的存在以一些纪念性建筑和一些独特的物质文化方面为标志，这些建筑和物质文化方面的选择表明当地传统的连续性。中亚述人的存在在建筑和物质文化方面产生了更大的影响，这在很大程度上是由于用于控制领土的分散的行政系统。 在比较这两个国家对物质文化的影响时，出现了几个问题。这两个国家的文化影响在多大程度上是不同的政治在他们的控制？物质文化表现形式的多样性是否与政治控制机制直接或间接相关？物质文化传播的数量和质量是否在学者们将帝国、王国或国家等现代术语应用于这些社会的方式中发挥了作用？在米塔尼和/或亚述人控制下的政体有自己的地方传统和风格;新的风格冲动的到来如何影响这些传统和风格？这些问题的答案可以在米塔尼和中亚述国家的物质文化的详细比较中找到;一个带来答案的比较，因为通过将两者放在一起，它们的相似性和差异性就显现出来了。 该项目包括两个政治国家的物质文化元素的广度和深度。这个项目所利用的广度是一组64个网站，其中有来自米塔尼或亚述中期或两者的出版材料。这些遗址，然后，导致两个米塔尼和中亚述物质文化的定义，以及他们在政治控制下的地区分布。两个政治实体之间的这种分配的变化以及它们与地方传统的关系将成为回答上述问题的基础。该项目还包括来自丘拉山的更深入的数据样本，包括来自挖掘地区的未发表的材料，这些材料可以追溯到米塔尼和亚述中期，从而可以详细了解正在调查的过渡时期。来自Tell Fekheriye的材料，一个位于米塔尼州中心的城市，为定义米塔尼物质文化提供了坚实的基础。