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Parasitic molecular cues during plant-plant interaction - recognition and influence on host plants

植物与植物相互作用过程中的寄生分子线索——对寄主植物的识别和影响

基本信息

批准号：
350258880
负责人：
Professor Dr. Markus Albert
金额：
--
依托单位：
Department Biologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2016-12-31 至 2020-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/350258880?language=en
关键词：
Parasitic molecular cues during plant

项目摘要

Plants of the genus Cuscuta live as holoparasites and infect nearly all dicot plants by penetrating stems with haustoria. Haustoria connect to the vascular bundles of their hosts and withdraw water, carbohydrates and nutrients. In a recent work, we identified a receptor (Cuscuta receptor 1, CuRe1) of resistant tomato as a critical component to recognize a Cuscuta glycopeptide, defined as Cuscuta factor 1 (CuF1). Upon CuF1-perception, CuRe1 initiates defense responses and also leads to increased resistance when expressed in otherwise susceptible host plants. The recognition of C. reflexa as alien by CuRe1 is an exception of tomato. Usually, the parasite stays unrecognized by its host and actively manipulates it towards susceptibility: Parenchymal cells of the vascular bundles start to divide, differentiate and finally connect to the parasitic cells of both Xylem and Phloem. What type of molecular cues initiate and regulate these mechanisms of susceptibility? In own preliminary work, we cloned promoters of host plant genes that are up-regulated during a Cuscuta infection. Using them as promoter::reporter-gene (luciferase) constructs in plant systems, these constructs serve as tools to detect luciferase activity upon treatment with stepwise purified Cuscuta extracts and will finally help to identify new Cuscuta factors (CuFs) that manipulate host plant signaling. First results indicate the presence of different new CuFs which will be further characterized and identified. Surprisingly, CuF1 was also able to trigger the luciferase expression in case of one promoter::luciferase construct indicating a relevant role of CuF1 besides its exclusive role of triggering defense in tomato. Such alternative CuF1-induced signaling also hints to a CuRe1-independent perception mechanism existing in susceptible hosts.In a complementary project we aim to identify the detection mechanisms for parasitic CuFs in host plants and want to gain knowledge about the susceptibility related signaling. We will use Arabidopsis receptor mutants which collections are available in our laboratory. Mutant plants will be grown, infected with Cuscuta and further analyzed according altered susceptibility. Subsidiary, we have diverse Aarabidopsis accessions at hand (1001 Genomes project) that we will check in addition. Relevant genes of obtained phenotypes with disturbed susceptibility will be identified either by classical map-based cloning or by using Genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Novel components of CuF-perception or related signaling components will be further analyzed with well-established methods such as studies on receptor-ligand interaction, localization, protein-protein interaction, etc. Furthermore, we will prove the biological relevance by determining the Cuscuta biomass after growth on mutants or transgenic plants. This will help to decipher the molecular and biological role of novel components required for a plant-plant interaction.

菟丝子属植物作为全寄生虫生活，并通过吸器穿透茎感染几乎所有双子叶植物。吸器连接到其宿主的维管束并提取水、碳水化合物和营养物质。在最近的一项工作中，我们确定了一个受体（菟丝子受体1，CuRe 1）的抗性番茄作为一个关键组成部分，以识别一个菟丝子糖肽，定义为菟丝子因子1（CuF 1）。在CuF 1感知后，CuRe 1启动防御反应，并且当在其他易感宿主植物中表达时也导致抗性增加。对C.反枝菌（reflexa）是番茄的例外。通常，寄生虫保持不被其宿主识别，并积极操纵其易感性：维管束的薄壁细胞开始分裂，分化并最终连接到木质部和韧皮部的寄生细胞。什么类型的分子线索启动和调节这些易感性机制？在自己的初步工作中，我们克隆了在菟丝子感染过程中上调的宿主植物基因的启动子。使用它们作为启动子：：荧光素酶基因（荧光素酶）的构建体在植物系统中，这些构建体作为工具，以检测荧光素酶活性处理后，逐步纯化的菟丝子提取物，并最终将有助于确定新的菟丝子因子（CuFs），操纵宿主植物信号。第一个结果表明存在不同的新的CuF，将进一步表征和鉴定。令人惊讶的是，CuF 1也能够触发荧光素酶的表达的情况下，一个启动子：：荧光素酶的构建表明CuF 1的相关作用，除了其唯一的触发防御番茄。在一个补充项目中，我们的目标是确定寄主植物中寄生CuF的检测机制，并希望获得有关易感性相关信号的知识。我们将使用拟南芥受体突变体，这些突变体在我们的实验室中可获得。将培养突变体植物，用菟丝子感染，并根据改变的易感性进一步分析。子公司，我们手头有各种各样的Aarabidopsis加入（1001基因组项目），我们将检查另外。将通过经典的基于图位的克隆或通过使用全基因组关联研究（GWAS）来鉴定所获得的具有受干扰的易感性的表型的相关基因。CuF感知或相关的信号传导组件的新组件将进一步分析与成熟的方法，如受体-配体相互作用，定位，蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用等的研究，此外，我们将证明通过确定突变体或转基因植物生长后的菟丝子生物量的生物相关性。这将有助于破译植物-植物相互作用所需的新组分的分子和生物学作用。