The biology of southern bracken in the anthropogenic ecosystem in the San Francisco valley of South Ecuador

南厄瓜多尔旧金山谷人工生态系统中南方蕨菜的生物学

• 批准号: 36023139
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Erwin Beck
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl Pflanzenphysiologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2006-12-31 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/36023139?language=en
• 关键词: biology; southern; bracken; anthropogenic; ecosystem

Bracken covers about 40% of the pastures in the San Francisco valley and it is still spreading. Preliminary results suggest that “bracken” is composed of 2 species Pteridium arachnoideum and caudatum and several genetically differing lines. The taxonomic composition of bracken in the research area will be analysed using morphological characters, allozyme analysis and DNA-microsatellites. In a firetriggered succession, bracken outcompetes the pasture grass Setaria. This process is simulated by a model which is based on field measurements (ecological, ecophysiological, radiation data) assuming competition for light as the decisive factor. An extra module simulates the effect of burning on the competition. The model shall be extended to a third plant life form, the bush Baccharis latifolia, which is very common in the bracken-infested pastures. It shall also be applied to the effects of grazing and of bracken control measures which have been running for 2.5 years. The bracken control experiment has meanwhile merged in a repastorization experiment which shall be continued. Invasion and spreading of bracken since 1975 will be traced from Landsat scenes and the current appearance and further spreading of a bracken blight disease, a potential means of biocontrol shall be followed with QuickBird scenes.

蕨菜覆盖了旧金山弗朗西斯科山谷40%的牧场，而且还在蔓延。初步结果表明，“蕨菜”是由2个种蕨arachnoideum和caudatum和几个遗传上不同的线。利用形态学特征、等位酶分析和DNA微卫星分析对研究区蕨菜属植物的分类组成进行了分析。在一个火的继承，蕨胜过牧场草狗尾草。这个过程是模拟的模型，这是基于实地测量（生态，生理生态，辐射数据）假设竞争的光作为决定性因素。一个额外的模块模拟燃烧对比赛的影响。该模型应扩展到第三种植物生命形式，灌木Baccharis latifolia，这是非常常见的蕨出没的牧场。它还应适用于放牧和已经运行了2.5年的欧洲蕨控制措施的影响。蕨控制实验同时合并在一个恢复实验中，该实验将继续进行。自1975年以来的入侵和蔓延的蕨将追溯到陆地卫星场景和目前的外观和进一步蔓延的蕨枯萎病，一个潜在的生物防治手段应遵循QuickBird场景。