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Water consumption and carbon capture by trees of an evergreen and a deciduous mountain forest as functional indicators of slow environmental changes in South Ecuador

常绿和落叶山林树木的耗水量和碳捕获作为厄瓜多尔南部缓慢环境变化的功能指标

基本信息

批准号：
227674712
负责人：
Professor Dr. Erwin Beck
金额：
--
依托单位：
Lehrstuhl Pflanzenphysiologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants (Transfer Project)
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2012-12-31 至 2020-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/227674712?language=en
关键词：
Water consumption carbon capture trees

项目摘要

This transfer project develops a module of a multifactorial indicator prototype for global change effects in an evergreen mountain forest in South Ecuador. It uses water and carbon relations of trees as primary functional indicators of subtle environmental changes, which cannot be observed directly. Acquisition of carbon by a tree and its concomitant water loss by transpiration is coupled as water use efficiency (WUE), which as a parameter integrates two ecophysiological processes and should exhibit a high sensitivity to environmental conditions. The project C5 is based on a new model allowing computation of the net CO2 uptake by the entire crown. Parameterization of the model is by data of leaf gas exchange, total water consumption of the tree, and structural data of the crown (provided by project C6). In collaboration with project C6, a study plot (10 x 100 m) was established in the forest, including two towers (30 and 36 m high) with two platforms each. The platforms are used for campaigns of gas exchange measurements in the crowns of eight trees. These trees and 13 more on the stretch between the towers are equipped with sap flow sensors for continuous long-term measurements of the daily water consumption. WUE and other tree-specific physiological important parameters like the unexpected high nocturnal transpiration are measured on different tree species which according to their functional type exhibit different sensitivity to environmental changes. Furthermore, the crown specific WUE and the total water consumption of the trees will be used to calculate total photosynthetic net carbon gain. The described measurements will be supplemented by data on stem growth, longevity of leaves and long-term water relations (13C discrimination data). Due to administrative and logistic problems, first measurements started only 1.5 years ago. For the long-term seasonal comparison and the differentiation between transitory changes and long-term tendencies, continuous measurements are required for at least two years. The three tree species where data are already available over 18 months showed a decreasing water consumption which could be attributed to an increase in precipitation and relative humidity. This tendency and the different sensitivities of tree species should be proven with the remaining 8 tree species (18 trees) from which data are available so far for 9 or 11 months.Project C6 investigates evapotranspiration above the canopy on the stretch between the two towers with the help of a scintillometer, an approach which requires the data from project C5 for interpretation. The combination of the projects C5 and C6 will result in the development of the indicator for the mountain rain forest.

该转让项目开发了一个多因素指标原型模块，用于评估厄瓜多尔南部万年青山林中全球变化的影响。它利用树木的水碳关系作为无法直接观察到的细微环境变化的主要功能指标。树木的碳获取和伴随的水分蒸腾损失被耦合为水分利用效率（WUE），它作为一个参数集成了两个生态生理过程，并应表现出对环境条件的高度敏感性。C5项目基于一个新的模型，可以计算整个树冠的二氧化碳净吸收量。该模型的参数化是由叶片气体交换数据，树木的总耗水量，树冠结构数据（由项目C6提供）。与项目C6合作，在森林中建立了一块研究地块（10 x 100米），包括两座塔（30和36米高），每座塔有两个平台。这些平台用于八棵树树冠的气体交换测量活动。这些树和塔之间的13棵树都配备了液流传感器，用于连续长期测量每日用水量。WUE和其他树木特有的生理重要参数，如意外的高夜间蒸腾测定不同的树种，根据其功能类型表现出不同的敏感性，对环境变化。此外，冠层比WUE和树木的总耗水量将被用来计算总光合净碳增益。所描述的测量将补充茎生长，叶片寿命和长期的水的关系（13 C歧视数据）的数据。由于行政和后勤问题，第一次测量仅在1.5年前开始。为了进行长期的季节性比较以及区分暂时变化和长期趋势，需要进行至少两年的连续测量。三个树种的数据已经超过18个月，显示出减少的耗水量，这可能是由于降水量和相对湿度的增加。这一趋势和树种的不同敏感性应通过剩余的8个树种（18棵树）来证明，这些树种的数据到目前为止已有9个月或11个月。项目C6借助蒸散仪调查了两座塔之间的树冠上方的蒸散量，这种方法需要项目C5的数据进行解释。项目C5和C6的合并将导致制定山区雨林指标。