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The Mythographic Sermon in Late Medieval England: Classicism, Discourse, and Clerical Identity, 1330-1450

中世纪晚期英国的神话布道：古典主义、话语和神职人员身份，1330-1450

基本信息

批准号：
364612353
负责人：
Dr. Bernhard Hollick
金额：
--
依托单位：
Deutsches Historisches Institut in London (DHI London)
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2016-12-31 至 2020-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/364612353?language=en
关键词：
Mythographic Sermon Late Medieval England

项目摘要

In late-medieval England, the ancient pantheon awoke to new life in the pulpit. Between 1330 und 1450 an extensive body of sermons was composed, which conveyed Christian teachings using mythic imagery, mostly taken from Ovid's Metamorphoses. These texts are barely studied, not least due to an all too narrow research perspective, which separated them from their social, literary and discursive contexts. However, the agenda at which the mythographic sermons were aiming becomes only visible in front of a broader historical panorama, since they were not isolated, but belonged to a classicist literature, which flourished in intellectual and cultural centres like Oxford, London and St Albans Abbey. Other than Italian humanism, classicism in England rose not in opposition to the medieval university. Rather, it served as a means of cultural self-assertion of the orthodox, scholastic establishment in an age of controversies: William of Ockham and John Wyclif, lollardy and the Peasants' Revolt of 1381 posed a threat to the status and self-perception of the clerical elites, which answered with a campaign-like display of their own traditions of learning and writing. Because of their public character, the sermons played a key role for propagandizing clerical identity. They are not mere school products, but conscious and widely perceivable interventions into public discourse. Based on an interdisciplinary concept of intellectual history, the project will approach to the development of mythographic preaching in three steps: it will study the interpretation of mythic narratives in selected (mostly Latin, but occasionally also Middle English, macaronic and Anglo-Norman) sermons, than focus on their role in political, religious, and scholastic discourse and finally describe the contemporary reactions to that practise. The project is of far-reaching relevance, not only because it throws light on the cultural environment of poets like Geoffrey Chaucer and John Gower. It also points out the meaning of the reception of antiquity for the social and intellectual changes in England at the end of the Middle Ages and hereby illustrates the dynamics which merged into Renaissance culture on the British Isles.

在中世纪晚期的英格兰，古老的万神殿在讲坛上醒来，开始了新的生活。在1330年至1450年之间，组成了大量的布道，其中使用神话意象传达基督教教义，主要取自奥维德的《变形记》。这些文本很少被研究，尤其是因为研究视角过于狭隘，将它们与其社会、文学和话语语境分开。然而，神话布道所针对的议程只有在更广泛的历史全景面前才能看到，因为它们并不是孤立的，而是属于古典主义文学，在牛津、伦敦和圣奥尔本斯修道院等知识和文化中心蓬勃发展。除了意大利的人文主义，英国的古典主义并不是与中世纪大学对立起来的。相反，它是在一个充满争议的时代，作为正统学术机构的一种文化自我主张的手段：奥卡姆的威廉和约翰·威克利夫，罗拉第和1381年的农民起义对神职人员精英的地位和自我认知构成了威胁，这以他们自己的学习和写作传统的竞选式展示作为回应。由于其公共性，布道在宣传神职人员身份方面发挥了关键作用。它们不仅是学校的产品，而且是对公共话语的有意识和广泛可察觉的干预。基于知识史的跨学科概念，该项目将分三个步骤探讨神话布道的发展：它将研究精选的(主要是拉丁语，但偶尔也有中世纪英语、马卡龙语和盎格鲁-诺曼语)布道中神话叙事的解释，然后关注它们在政治、宗教和学术话语中的作用，最后描述当代对这种做法的反应。这个项目具有深远的现实意义，不仅因为它揭示了杰弗里·乔叟和约翰·高尔等诗人的文化环境。它还指出了接受古代对于中世纪末英国社会和思想变化的意义，并据此说明了融入不列颠群岛文艺复兴文化的动力。