Ambivalent Recognition Order? Doing reproduction and doing family beyond the heterosexual nuclear family

“再生产”这个流行词使有关家庭形成的问题成为（社会）政治和科学关注的中心。最近，德国在法律上使异性恋和同性恋关系更加平等，但社会、制度和法律上的不平等仍然存在。新的生殖技术使更多的人实现了为人父母的愿望。然而，没有生活在异性恋夫妻关系中的非异性恋者经常被社会对夫妻和异性恋规范所排斥。参考这些发展，从社会不平等的角度来看，我们建议关注所谓的彩虹或LGBTIQ家庭的异质性。社会学研究仍然普遍忽视了非异性恋家庭。“家庭”这个词指的是有一个或多个孩子的人，不管他们是独自一人，比如一对夫妇，或者是一对夫妇。该项目考察了三个核心领域：1。初步的文献综述为LGBTIQ家庭形成的规律提供了有价值的见解。我们会问，在非异性恋者和（潜在的）家庭的制度化认可秩序中，哪些社会（内）平等可以被发现，他们没有生活在二元亲密关系中？五个专家访谈补充了二级分析。从第一步的结果开始，本研究项目的主要目的是对12个非异性恋单亲及单亲以上家庭（包括想要实现家庭的人）进行探索性质的研究。我们计划就以下问题进行联合采访：想要孩子的愿望是如何实现的或没有实现的？在矛盾的（法律和社会的）承认秩序下，如何揭示非异性恋（潜在的）单亲和多单亲家庭的正在进行的再生产？做家庭意味着什么？家庭是如何在日常生活中建立起来的？这些家庭需要应对哪些社会不平等、包容和/或排斥的经历？为了研究这些社会学和当前高度相关的问题，我们借鉴了社会不平等、承认、性别和酷儿理论的理论。我们将LGBTIQ家庭生殖、家庭、日常生活的（文化研究）研究方法与社会学的社会不平等、性别、家庭、认知研究相结合，进行创新。一个核心的理论目标是发展一个以经验为基础的扩大的家庭概念，而且，在一个矛盾的认识秩序的背景下，发展对父母身份的扩展理解。在理论方面，该项目可为《社会不平等社会学》、《承认理论》和《家庭社会学》提供资料，在社会学方面开辟新天地。

The buzzword reproduction places questions concerning family formation into the center of (socio)political and scientific attention. Recently, Germany has put hetero- and homosexual relationships more equal by law, but social, institutional and legal inequalities still exist. New reproduction technologies facilitate realizing parenthood for more people. However, non heterosexuals who do not live in a heterosexual couple relationship are often excluded through societal norms about couples and heteronormativity.Referring to these developments and coming from a social inequality perspective, we suggest focusing on the heterogeneity of so called rainbow or LGBTIQ families. Families beyond the heterosexual norm are still widely ignored by sociological research. With the term family we refer to people, who have one or more children, regardless if alone, as a couple or, for instance, as a double couple.The project examines three core areas:1. An initial literature review offers valuable insights into regulations of LGBTIQ family formations. We will ask, which social (in-)equalities can be found in institutionalized recognition orders for non-heterosexuals and (potential) families, who do not live in a dyadic intimate relationship? Five expert interviews supplement the secondary analysis. Starting from the results of step 1, the main aim of the research project is to conduct an explorative, qualitative study of 12 non-heterosexual one- and more-parent families (including people, who want to realize a family). We plan conducting joint interviews on questions such as:2. How is the desire to have children realized or not realized? How is the doing reproduction of non heterosexual (potential) one- and more parent families revealed in the light of the ambivalent (legal and social) recognition order?3. What indicates doing family? How is family established in daily life and which kind of experiences of social inequality, inclusion and/or exclusion have these families to cope with?In order to examine these sociological and currently highly relevant questions, we draw on theories of social inequality, recognition, gender and on queer theory. We combine (cultural studies) research approaches of doing reproduction, family, daily life of LGBTIQ families and sociological social inequality, gender, family and recognition research in an innovative manner. A central theoretical goal is to develop an empirically grounded enlarged concept of the family and moreover, to develop an extended understanding of parenthood against the background of an ambivalent recognition order. With regard to theory the project could inform the Sociology of Social Inequality, Theories of Recognition and Sociology of the Family, breaking new ground in sociology.