Prohibition of Discrimination in Contract Law

合同法中禁止歧视

• 批准号: 370918665
• 负责人: Dr. Duygu Damar
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Max-Planck-Institut für ausländisches und internationales Privatrecht
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Fellowships
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-31 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/370918665?language=en
• 关键词: Prohibition; Discrimination; Contract; Law

The European Anti-Discrimination Directives have been implemented into German law by the German Equality Act of 14 August 2006 (AGG - Allgemeines Gleichbehandlungsgesetz). According to AGG, discrimination is prohibited not only in labor law but also in contract law. Within the framework of this post-doc thesis, the prohibition of discrimination in contract law will be approached from the perspectives of legal philosophy, economic analysis of law and legal comparison. For this purpose, first, the underlying principles, such as the private autonomy, freedom of contract and discrimination will be examined. Thereby, certain important legal policy issues, such as whether the prohibition of discrimination in contract law constitutes a massive intrusion into freedom of contract will be addressed in detail. The key role that the contract plays in the European private law society will serve as the starting point in this analysis. The US anti-discrimination law and contract theory will provide the basis for legal comparison.Subsequently, an in-depth analysis of the prohibition of discrimination in German contract law (§§ 19-20 AGG) will be provided. The sanctions applicable in case of a violation of the prohibition set in § 19 AGG will also be handled in this context. The sanctions which were provided by the Act are compensation of material and immaterial damages (§ 21 para. 1 AGG) and claim for elimination of discrimination or for an injunctive relief (§ 21 para. 1 AGG). There is especially a heated debate in German literature based on § 21 AGG: Does the claim for elimination of discrimination or for an injunctive relief result in the obligation to contract, if the discrimination takes place during the pre-contractual phase? This leading question will serve as the main aspect in the post-doc thesis and will be comparatively studied from the legal-philosophical and legal economics points of view.

欧洲反歧视指令已通过2006年8月14日的《德国平等法》(agg-Allgemines Gleichbehandlugsgesetz)纳入德国法律。根据AGG，歧视不仅在劳动法中被禁止，而且在合同法中也是被禁止的。在这篇博士后论文的框架内，将从法哲学、法的经济分析和法律比较的角度来探讨合同法中禁止歧视的问题。为此，首先将审查基本原则，如私人自治、合同自由和歧视。因此，将详细讨论某些重要的法律政策问题，例如合同法中禁止歧视是否构成对合同自由的大规模侵犯。合同在欧洲私法社会中所起的关键作用将作为本文分析的起点。美国反歧视法和合同理论将为法律比较提供基础。随后，将对德国合同法(第19-20章)中的禁止歧视进行深入分析。在违反《公约》第19条规定的禁令的情况下适用的制裁也将在此背景下处理。该法规定的制裁是物质和非物质损害赔偿(第21节第1款)和要求消除歧视或强制救济(第21节第1款)。在德国文献中，根据《公约》第21条进行了特别激烈的辩论：如果歧视发生在合同签订前阶段，要求消除歧视或要求强制令救济是否会产生合同义务？这一引导性问题将作为博士后论文的主要方面，并将从法哲学和法律经济学的角度进行比较研究。