"Geometria Deutsch". Printed Books on Practical Geometry up to around 1600

实用几何的印刷作品作为不同实践网络的一部分呈现出来。他们认为自己是文本和图像，只有在与其他物体(如指南针和尺子、量尺)密切互动时才开始构成意义。他们似乎一次又一次地依赖他们的接受者将文字、图表、几何工具和实践结合在一起，或者更准确地说：他们声称(有时还吹嘘)只有这样才能奏效。美术史、科学史和传媒史都以这些文本为素材，但这些书籍本身、书籍的设计、文本形式和修辞都很少被系统地分析。在被考察的地方，教育意图被认为是先验的，作为文本策略和书籍设计的主要目标。然而，对这些书进行更详细的探索，会发现结果相当不同：序言所声称的实用性在书中以非常不同的方式得到了回答。这些书过于直白或莫名其妙地被删减，一方面结合了表达的经济，另一方面又结合了看似多余的附录。“规范”程序和乐器的选择遵循手艺和某些文字传统。此外，有些作品似乎不亚于对手工艺的要求，而另一些则是对城市人文交流的前提的回应，或者是对倡导掌握印刷厂的需要的回应，或者它们将某种知识领域归因于作者、编辑或演讲者。简而言之：我们可以假设，这些书的特殊格式塔，它们的多重称谓，它们继承传统和建立自己的不同方式，以及它们对这方面的知识进行音译和音译诀窍的不同方式，指向了一种多功能，这种多功能已经被学术文献中的“专家文学”或“教育书籍”之类的术语所隐藏和掩盖。因此，到目前为止，学术界一直在平衡，从而忽视了那些表明几何实践书籍特定的、往往是炫耀地上演的美学的元素。因此，该项目的目的是证明这样一种假设，即在白话几何文献中，它们的说教功能(他们渴望交流如何做几何)与他们的“几何”诗意和美学设计交织在一起，这是适应许多不同的交流议程的。对德国建筑几何和测量几何平面作品的比较分析将集中在这两个方面。

Printed works of practical geometry present themselves as part of a network of different practices. They reflect on themselves as texts and images which only start to constitute meaning when brought into close interaction with other objects (e.g. compasses and ruler, measuring stick). Again and again they seem to rely on their recipients to bring together text, diagram, geometrical instrument and practice, or to be more precise: they claim (and sometimes boast) to work only this way. Art History as well as the History of Science and Media History have used these texts as sources, but the books themselves, their design, their textual form and their rhetoric was hardly analysed systematically. Where it has been examined at all, it was the educational intention that has been considered a priori as the main goal of textual strategies and book-design. A more detailed exploration of the books, however, shows quite heterogeneous results: the practicability claimed by the preambles is answered in very varying ways within the books. Overexplicit or unintelligibly truncated, the books combine an economy of presentation on the one hand with seemingly superfluous addenda on the other. The selection of "canonical" procedures and instruments follow craftsmanship as well as certain textual traditions. Furthermore, some of the writings seem to answer no less to the requirements of courtly representation than to those of artisanry, others answer to the premises of urban humanistic communication or to the needs to advocate the mastery of a printers shop or they ascribe a certain realm of knowledge to an author, editor or presentee. In short: we can hypothesise that the particular Gestalt of these books, their multiple addressing, their different ways to take up a tradition and to establish their own, and not the least their varying ways to transliterate knowledge about this and to transliterate the know-how points towards a polyfunctionality that has been hidden and masked in scholarly literature by terms like "specialists literature" or "educational book". Thus, scholarship has up to now evened out and thereby ignored especially those elements that indicate a specific and often ostentatiously staged aesthetic of the books on geometria practica.The project will therefore aim to prove the hypothesis that in the vernacular literature on geometry, there is an interlacement of their didactic function (their eagerness to communicate "how to" do geometry), and their "geometrical" poetic and aesthetic design, that is adaptable to many different agendas of communication. A comparative analysis of the German print works on constructive geometry and on surveying geometry will focus on both aspects.