SIOPACT - Developing a ~250 year climate record for the Southeastern Indian Ocean sector of the Indo-PACific warm pool and its global climate Teleconnections

SIOPACT - 为印度-太平洋暖池东南印度洋部分及其全球气候遥相关开发约 250 年的气候记录

• 批准号: 382553361
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Jens Zinke, Ph.D.
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH (HZB)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/382553361?language=en
• 关键词: SIOPACT; Developing; 250; year; climate

Lack of long instrumental climate records from the eastern Indian Ocean and Indo-Pacific warm pool, the heat engine of the global climate system and an essential player in circum-tropical/extratropical rainfall/drought variability, is the main problem for reducing uncertainties in model-based climate change process studies and to successfully plan for a future warmer world. We propose to develop new ~250 year long, absolutely dated and seasonally-resolved reconstructions of sea surface temperature and salinity with unprecedented temporal and spatial coverage from key sites in the southeastern Indian Ocean sector of the Indo-Pacific warm pool. These will help to close the biggest current marine climate data gap in the Indo-Pacific warm pool that is of paramount importance to global climate variability and to circum-Indian Ocean societies. Towards this aim our project will develop geochemical records from long-lived massive corals that can be used to quantify past fluctuations of SST and salinity. Outcomes of this project will produce critical environmental and climatic baselines on past and current behavior of the Indo-Pacific warm pool and its interaction with Indian Ocean and tropical Pacific climate phenomena over more than two centuries, e.g. Indian Ocean warming, El Niño-Southern Oscillation and (multi)decadal variability. Ultimately, we will test the following hypothesis: 1) The spatio-temporal occurrence of marine heat waves and the ultimate expansion of the Indo-Pacific warm pool at the southeastern Indian Ocean reefs off northwest Australia is related to distinct oceanic and atmospheric forcing by the western Pacific temperature gradient during El Niño, La Niña and ENSO neutral years modulated by Pacific decadal variability. 2) Tropical Indian Ocean warming is an independent pacemaker of interannual and decadal climate anomalies. 3) SST in the southeastern Indian Ocean and the expansion of the warm pool is of paramount importance for tropical climate anomalies and in driving heat waves and drough/rainfall variability across the Austral-Asian tropics and extratropics.

东印度洋和印度-太平洋暖池是全球气候系统的热机，也是环热带/温带降雨/干旱变率的关键因素，缺乏来自东印度洋和印度-太平洋暖池的长期有用的气候记录，是减少基于模型的气候变化过程研究中的不确定性和成功规划未来变暖世界的主要问题。我们建议开发新的长达250年的、绝对过时的、按季节分解的海表面温度和盐度的重建，从印度-太平洋暖池的东南印度洋部分的关键地点进行前所未有的时间和空间覆盖。这些将有助于缩小印度-太平洋暖池目前最大的海洋气候数据差距，这对全球气候变异性和环印度洋社会至关重要。为了实现这一目标，我们的项目将从长寿的大型珊瑚中开发出可用于量化过去SST和盐度波动的地球化学记录。该项目的成果将为印度-太平洋暖池过去和现在的行为及其与印度洋和热带太平洋气候现象在两个多世纪中的相互作用，例如印度洋变暖、厄尔尼诺-南方涛动和(多)年代际变率，产生关键的环境和气候基线。最终，我们将检验以下假设：1)在澳大利亚西北部的东南印度洋珊瑚礁，海洋热波的时空发生和印度-太平洋暖池的最终扩张与受太平洋年代际变化调制的厄尔尼诺、拉尼娜和ENSO中性年期间西太平洋温度梯度的不同海洋和大气强迫有关。2)热带印度洋变暖是年际和年代际气候异常的独立起搏器。3)印度洋东南部的海温和暖池的扩大对于热带气候异常以及在南亚热带和温带地区驱动热浪和干旱/降水变率是至关重要的。