The Chalcolithic Mega-Site of Valencina de la Concepción near Sevilla, Spain. Settlement History and Economy of the Northern Area in the 3rd Millennium B.C.

西班牙塞维利亚附近的瓦伦西纳德拉康塞普西翁红铜时代巨型遗址。

• 批准号: 386665848
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Frank Falkenstein
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Madrid
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/386665848?language=en
• 关键词: Chalcolithic; Mega; Site; Valencina; de

The chalcolithic site of Valencina de la Concepción is located in Andalusia in southern Spain, on the western edge of the Lower Guadalquivir river basin. The settlement area and a contemporaneous necropolis of the first half of the 3rd millennium B.C. extend over more than 460 hectares. Valencina de la Concepción is thus one of a series of chalcolithic mega-sites in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula. Although megalithic tholos tombs (La Pastora) of the necropolis were discovered since the 19th century, the investigations in the 230 hectares settlement area only began in the 1970s as rescue excavations. The numerous archaeological interventions during construction work in the city of Valencina de la Concepción remained, however, mostly fragmented and scattered. The chalcolithic settlement areas to the north of the modern town are located on agricultural land and thus, in principle, accessible for systematic investigations such as field surveys and excavations. Recent archaeological and geophysical prospection in selected zones has provided evidence of five large earthworks with concentric ditches and a minor ditched enclosure, as well as habitation areas with numerous clusters of pits including also pit-houses. The project focusses on the chalcolithic settlement history of Valencina de la Concepción. The investigations include excavations and field surveys on the agricultural land in the northern area of the archaeological site. Furthermore, the results of selected earlier rescue excavations in the adjacent northern part of the modern town are evaluated. Through field surveying and geomagnetic and geoelectric prospection the expansion and structure of prehistoric settlement areas is explored. Then, excavations are carried out to investigate and date the multiphase chalcolithic earthworks and settlement areas and to reconstruct the settlement history. Initial 14C-data attest to continuous habitation from the end of the 4th to the beginning of the 2nd millennium BC and occasional subsequent settlement activity in the early first millennium BC. By intensive scientific analysis using radiocarbon dating, archaeobotany, zooarchaeology, archaeometric materials analysis and pedology the spatial, chronological, functional and economic aspects of the chalcolithic settlement of Valencina de la Concepción are investigated. Thus, the project aims are clarifying the cultural sequence, the dynamics, density and structure of the settlement activities, the supply with raw materials, craft production, long-distance contacts, and ultimately the social organisation of the mega-site.

巴伦西亚-德拉康塞普西翁铜石器遗址位于西班牙南部的安达卢西亚，位于瓜达尔基维尔河下游盆地的西部边缘。定居区和公元前3千纪上半期的同时代墓地面积超过460公顷。巴伦西亚德拉康塞普西翁因此是伊比利亚半岛西南部一系列铜石时代巨型遗址之一。虽然自19世纪世纪以来就发现了大墓地的巨石制托罗斯墓（La Pastora），但在230公顷的定居区的调查直到20世纪70年代才开始作为救援挖掘。然而，在巴伦西亚德拉康塞普西翁市的建筑工程中，许多考古干预仍然是支离破碎的。现代城镇北部的铜石时代定居区位于农业用地上，因此原则上可以进行系统的调查，如实地调查和挖掘。最近在选定的地区进行的考古和地球物理勘探提供了五个大型土方工程的证据，这些土方工程有同心沟渠和一个小型沟渠围栏，以及居住区有许多坑群，包括坑屋。该项目的重点是Valencina de la Concepción的铜石时代定居历史。调查包括考古遗址北方地区的农业用地的发掘和实地调查。此外，在邻近的现代城镇的北方部分的早期救援挖掘的结果进行了评估。通过野外调查和地磁、地电勘探，探讨了史前聚落的扩展和结构。然后，进行挖掘，调查和多期铜石土方工程和结算区，重建结算的历史。最初的14 C数据证明了从公元前4th世纪末到公元前2 th世纪初的持续居住，以及公元前1 th世纪初偶尔的定居活动。通过使用放射性碳测年，考古植物学，动物考古学，考古材料分析和土壤学的深入科学分析，对Valencina de la Concepción的铜石定居点的空间，时间，功能和经济方面进行了调查。因此，该项目的目标是澄清文化序列，定居活动的动态，密度和结构，原材料供应，工艺生产，远距离接触，以及最终的大型遗址的社会组织。