The Stratigraphy of the Bronze and Iron Age settlement mound Feudvar near Mosorin, Serbia. GIS supported 3D analysis based on the analogue documentation of excavation

从1968年到1993年，Bernhard Hänsel（柏林自由大学）和Predrag Medović（位于诺维萨德的伏伊伏丁那博物馆）领导了一个跨学科的项目合作，目的是调查塞尔维亚Mošorin附近Feudvar多层设防定居点的青铜时代和铁器时代阶段。由德国研究基金会（Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft - DFG）资助的挖掘项目因南斯拉夫战争的爆发而中断，直到今天才得以继续。该项目包括四个挖掘季节，每个季节几个月，以及四个研究季节。Feudvar的多层土丘通过四个总面积约2000平方米的挖掘沟进行了调查，深度达2.2米。虽然发掘的某些部分和方面是许多贡献和一些博士论文的主题，但迄今为止还没有完成对所有四个挖掘战壕的实质性研究。这种研究的不足主要是由于缺乏结合的场地地层学。因此，目前的项目旨在对各个挖掘沟和整个沉降丘进行全面的地层学研究，地层序列以放射性碳年代为基础。在Feudvar的四个战壕中建立的地层和特征的地层序列确保了现代挖掘文件的标准，允许在数字基础上分析定居特征，考古发现和科学数据。在这个项目中，进行了一个复杂的基于计算机的过程，从地理信息学，从三维建模和可视化的数据采集，数据准备，数据转换和数据分析，到Feudvar考古地层的空间三维整体模型，包括以下数据输出和提供空间三维数据和GIS数据格式的三维模型。考古学三维特征单元的定义和序列是使用地层学的专题信息完成的，这些信息在项目内设计的关系数据库中表示、存储和提供，以及使用aharris矩阵和大约100个放射性碳年代。在该项目中，正在采取新的方法将旧挖掘的模拟挖掘文件转换为相应的数字数据格式，并将其用于三维GIS中的现代史前考古研究。如果空间和专题数据的地层，然后集成到一个三维地理信息系统和链接或结合额外的考古或其他数据在进一步相关的项目，这允许新的查询为基础的分析和结果，serveto获得知识，为未来的研究。因此，为今后的调查建立了一个方便用户的数据库。

From 1968 to 1993 an interdisciplinary project cooperation led byBernhard Hänsel (Freie Universität Berlin) and Predrag Medović(Muzeum of Vojvodina in Novi Sad) was conducted with the goal toinvestigate the Bronze Age and Iron Age phases of the multilayerfortified settlement at Feudvar near Mošorin in Serbia. The excavationproject that was funded by the German Research Foundation(Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft – DFG) was interrupted by theoutbreak of war in Yugoslavia and could not be continued until today.The venture comprised four excavation seasons of several monthseach as well as four study seasons. The multilayered mound ofFeudvar was investigated by means of four excavation trenches ofcirca 2000 square meters total extent and reaching up to 2.2 m indepth. Although some sections and aspects of the excavations weresubjects of numerous contributions and a few doctoral dissertations,substantial study of all four excavation trenches could so far not beaccomplished. This research deficit is largely due to the lack of abinding site stratigraphy. The current project thus aims at working outan overall stratigraphy of the individual excavation trenches and of theentire settlement mound, with the stratigraphical sequence beingbased on radiocarbon dates. The stratigraphic sequences of layersand features established in the four trenches at Feudvar ensure thestandards of modern excavation documentation allowing for analysisof settlement features, of the archaeological finds and of scientificdata on a digital basis. Within this project a complex computer-basedprocess from geoinformatics is carried out, which ranges from datacapturing, data preparation, data conversion and data analysis overthe 3D modelling and visualization up to a spatial 3D entire model forthe archaeological stratigraphy of Feudvar, including the followingdata output and the providing of spatial 3D data and 3D models inGIS data formats. Defining archaeological 3D feature units and asequence of these are done using the thematic information ofstratigraphy, which are represented, stored and made available in therelational database designed within the project, as well as using aharris matrix and around 100 radiocarbon dates. Within the projectnew methodical approaches are being taken to transfer analogueexcavation documentation of old excavations into correspondingdigital data formats and to make use of them for a modern prehistoricarchaeological research in a 3D GIS. If the spatial and thematic dataof stratigraphy then integrated into a 3D GIS and linked or combined with additionally archaeological or other data in further relatedprojects this allows new query based analyzes and results, that serveto gain knowledge for future research. Thus an user-friendly databasis for future investigations is created.