CO2 Mofetta - monitoring of natural carbon dioxide emissions using a network of low-cost sensors

CO2 Mofetta - 使用低成本传感器网络监测自然二氧化碳排放

• 批准号: 388143073
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Jens Bange
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Arbeitsgruppe Umweltphysik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/388143073?language=en
• 关键词: CO2; Mofetta; monitoring; natural; carbon

The natural carbon dioxide (CO2) emission of the Eyach valley (between Horb and Rottenburg, Northern Black Forest, Germany) is observed and analysed in the proposed project. CO2 can accumulate near the surface and become hazardous for animals and humans. Also, CO2 is a climate-active greenhouse gas and contributes to the climate change. The CO2 concentrations in the Eyach valley have never been quantified with scientific methods. Similar and much larger areas with CO2 mofetta exist in various regions of the world and are not quantified. Thus the contribution of natural CO2 emission from geological sources to the atmospheric gas budget is entirely unknown.Goal of the project is the monitoring of the geological CO2 emission into the lower atmosphere in the Eyach valley and its surrounding. The experimentally gathered data will be used to quantify the amount of emitted CO2 and to specify the horizontal and the vertical gas fluxes, including temporal (diurnal and seasonal) variations. In order to reach this goal, a network of low-cost sensors will be installed, supported by a single eddy-covariance (EC) station. The low costs of a single sensor allow for the deployment of a larger number of sensors. The network gives both data with horizontal resolution and (after integration) area-representative numbers, including high temporal resolution. During the last years, the environmental-physics group at the University of Tübingen developed the suited type of low-cost sensors for this project. The usual disadvantage of low-cost equipment compared to high-grade sensors is a reduced absolute accuracy. Therefore, the sensor network will be complemented by an EC station that does not only deliver higher accuracy for the calibration of the network, but also the directly measured turbulent gas and heat fluxes, at least at one single location. The EC station is thus the reference for the calibration, for the determination of the turbulent exchange coefficients and for the long-term stability of the network. In addition to the CO2 measurement, the low-cost sensors will also be equipped with air temperature and air humidity sensors. Within the project, all sensors have to be obtained, but not financed: the entire equipment for the proposed project is already funded by the Alfred-Teufel foundation. Finally, the measured data will be added to a data base and offered to the science community via an internet interface.The project is structured in two phases of three years duration each. Here only the first phase is applied for. During the second phase, the measured data are used for the initialisation and verification of a numerical dispersion model. Furthermore, the developed methods will be exported to other regions with geological CO2 emission.

在拟议的项目中观察并分析了Eyach山谷的天然二氧化碳（CO2）排放（在德国北部黑森林之间）。二氧化碳可以在表面附近积聚，并对动物和人类危害。此外，二氧化碳是一种气候活跃的温室气体，为气候变化做出了贡献。 Eyach山谷中的二氧化碳浓度从未通过科学方法进行量化。与二氧化碳Mofetta相似且更大的区域存在于世界各个地区，但未量化。从地质来源到大气气体预算的天然二氧化碳排放的贡献是完全未知的。实验收集的数据将用于量化发射的二氧化碳的量，并指定水平和垂直气通量，包括临时（昼夜和季节性）变化。为了实现此目标，将安装一个低成本传感器的网络，并由单个涡流（EC）站支持。单个传感器的低成本允许部署大量传感器。该网络既可以提供水平分辨率的数据，又（集成）区域代表性数字，包括高临时分辨率。在过去的几年中，图宾根大学的环境物理小组开发了适合该项目的低成本传感器类型。与高级传感器相比，低成本设备的通常灾难是绝对准确性的降低。因此，传感器网络将由EC站完成，它不仅可以为网络的校准提供更高的准确性，还可以至少在一个位置提供直接测量的湍流气和热通量。因此，EC站是校准，确定湍流交换系数和网络长期稳定性的参考。除了二氧化碳测量值外，低成本传感器还将配备空气温度和空气湿度传感器。在该项目中，必须获得所有传感器，但不能很好地：拟议项目的整个设备已经由Alfred-Teufel基金会资助。最后，测量的数据将被添加到数据库中，并通过互联网接口向科学界提供给科学界。该项目的构造分别为三年的两个阶段。这里只有第一阶段。在第二阶段，测量数据用于初始化和验证数值分散模型。此外，开发的方法将出口到具有地质CO2排放的其他区域。