Unravelling the ´healthy´ in a healthy lifestyle: Dietary influences on subjective wellbeing and physical health

揭示健康生活方式中的“健康”：饮食对主观幸福感和身体健康的影响

• 批准号: 391053377
• 负责人: Dr. Jana Strahler
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Sport und Sportwissenschaft
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-31 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/391053377?language=en
• 关键词: Unravelling; healthy; lifestyle; Dietary; influences

In addition to regular physical activity, smoking cessation and alcohol moderation, diet is among the most important influences on health and wellbeing. Despite strong advocates for particular forms of diets, there have been no in-depth, longitudinal studies characterizing the biological and psychological consequences of a change in diet. Furthermore, research on mediating mechanisms is sparse. Thorough studies of dietary influences on different bodily systems, including the metabolic system, the neuroendocrine system and the immune system, will hopefully shed light on the contribution of diet to better health. This study aims at investigating the effect of changing one's omnivorous diet to an ovo-lacto-vegetarian diet, which best complies with current recommendations of a varied whole food diet. Two groups will be examined: n=64 omnivores participating in a 2-month ovo-lacto-vegetarian dietary intervention and n=64 omnivores continuing their mixed diet. We will examine participants' glucose tolerance, acute neuroendocrine and inflammatory stress responses, basal neuroendocrine functioning, and subjective wellbeing prior to and after the intervention. Furthermore, we will examine participants throughout 4 weeks after the intervention to assess returning to previous dietary behaviour and possible rebound effects. We will also employ an ecologically valid (micro-) longitudinal approach to derive information on important confounders of dietary effects on health, such as other health-relevant behaviours or intervention-induced changes in mood and distress. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms will offer knowledge on why a vegetarian diet is assumed to be good for health, therefore also providing us with potential new treatment targets that will help in developing new approaches to improve health and prevent disease via diet.

除了定期的身体活动、戒烟和适量饮酒之外，饮食也是对健康和福祉最重要的影响之一。尽管大力提倡特定形式的饮食，但目前还没有深入的纵向研究来描述饮食改变的生物学和心理后果。此外，关于中介机制的研究很少。深入研究饮食对不同身体系统（包括代谢系统、神经内分泌系统和免疫系统）的影响，有望揭示饮食对改善健康的贡献。本研究旨在调查将杂食饮食改为蛋奶素食饮食的效果，这种饮食最符合当前各种全食饮食的建议。将检查两组：n = 64 名杂食者参加为期 2 个月的蛋奶素食饮食干预，n = 64 名杂食者继续混合饮食。我们将检查参与者在干预前后的葡萄糖耐量、急性神经内分泌和炎症应激反应、基础神经内分泌功能以及主观幸福感。此外，我们将在干预后 4 周内对参与者进行检查，以评估恢复之前的饮食行为和可能的反弹效应。我们还将采用生态上有效的（微观）纵向方法来获取有关饮食对健康影响的重要混杂因素的信息，例如其他与健康相关的行为或干预引起的情绪和痛苦的变化。对这些机制的更深入了解将有助于了解为什么素食被认为有益于健康，因此也为我们提供了潜在的新治疗目标，这将有助于开发通过饮食改善健康和预防疾病的新方法。