Relationship between morphological change of nasomaxillary complex and nasal respiratory function following to maxillary protraction

本研究的目的是阐明上颌前牵引在以下三个方面的作用：(1)形态和组织学变化的不同，符合牵引方向的不同。(2)鼻咽软组织对牵引过程中和牵引后上颌骨变化的适应性。(3)鼻道阻力变化与实验过程中形态变化的关系。(1)根据头影测量分析，在常规前伸方向上，上颌牙弓随着咬合面的逆时针旋转而近中移动。在骨骼变化中，表现为腭面向前运动和逆时针旋转。尤其是腭面的远侧部分下移。在下颌骨中，尽管切牙向舌侧倾斜，但并未表现出明显的变化。对于从…抵抗中心向前下方保护的动物上颌骨增大，上颌骨复合体前移，上(牙合)面、腭面运动优势。而且，腭面没有顺时针旋转。(2)钢板软组织厚度两组间无差异，无病理改变。两组均可见腭横缝前、后开口。在从阻力中心向前下方延伸的动物中，在缝合的上下平面上可见吸收陷窝。在鼻底的骨面上也可见。对于(3)：用主动前置法测量猴的鼻气道阻力，可获得相对稳定的测量结果。随着腭部运动方向和程度的不同，鼻道阻力的变化规律也不同。也就是说，在常规牵拉的猴中，鼻道阻力降低，而在从上颌阻力中心向前下方延伸的动物中，鼻气阻力有增加的趋势。这一事实表明，随着上颌前牵引鼻容的改变，呼吸功能也会发生变化。对正畸的临床应用有一定的参考价值。较少

The purpose of this investigation was to clarify the effects of maxillary protraction in the the following three point ; (1) the difference of morphological and histological changes according with the difference of direction for the traction. (2) adaptaion of nasopharyngeal soft tissue to the maxillary skeletal changes during and after the traction. (3) relationship between the change of resistance of nasal airway and the morphological change during the experience.For (1) : according to the cephalometric analysis, in the conventional direction of protraction, upper dental arch had moved mesially with counter clockwise rotation of the occlusal plane. In the skeletal change, forward movement as well as counterc lockwise rotation of the palatal plane was shown. Especially the distal part of the palatal plane moved downward. In the mandible, major change was not shown in spite of the lingual inclination of the incisors. For the animals protacted antero-inferiorly from the center of resista … More nce of the maxilla, forward movement of the maxillary complex with superior movement of upper occlusal plane and palatal plane. And, palatal plane did not rotate clockwisely. For (2) : In the thickness of the soft tissue on the plate, there was no difference between the two groups, and there was no pathological changes. Also antero-posterior opening of the transverse palatine suture was seen in the two groups. In the animals protracted antero-inferiorly from the center of resistance, absorbtion lacuna were seen on the superior and inferior plane of the suture. And they were also seen on the bone surface of nasal floor. For (3) : To measure the resistance of nasal airway of the monkey, it was shown that comparatively stable measurement could be obtained with active anterior method. With the differences of direction and degree of palatal movement, changing pattern on the resistance of nasal airway. That is, in the monkeys protracted conventionally, the resistance of nasal airway decreased, however, in the animals protracted antero-inferiorly from the center of maxillary resistance, it tended to increase. This fact shows that respiratory function can be changed following to the change of nasal volume with maxillary protraction. And it is thought to give an useful suggestion to the clinical aspect of orthodontics. Less