Relationship between morphological change of nasomaxillary complex and nasal respiratory function following to maxillary protraction

本研究的目的是阐明上颌前伸在以下三点的作用；(1)随牵引方向的不同而发生的形态学和组织学变化的差异。(2)牵引过程中和牵引后鼻咽软组织对上颌骨骼变化的适应。(3)体验过程中鼻气道阻力变化与形态学变化的关系。对于(1)：根据头颅测量分析，在常规的牙弓伸出方向上，上牙弓在咬合平面逆时针旋转的情况下向中移动。在骨骼变化中，显示了腭平面的向前运动和逆时针旋转。尤其是腭平面远端下移。在下颌骨，主要的变化没有显示，尽管舌倾斜的门牙。上颌复合体向前运动，上咬合平面和腭平面向上运动。而且，腭面没有顺时针旋转。对于(2)：在板上软组织的厚度上，两组之间没有差异，也没有病理改变。两组均可见腭横缝前后开口。从阻力中心向前向下延伸的动物，在缝线的上、下平面可见吸收腔隙。它们也出现在鼻底骨表面。对于(3)：测量猴鼻气道阻力，表明采用前路主动法可以获得比较稳定的测量结果。随着腭部运动方向和程度的不同，鼻腔导气管阻力的变化规律也不同。即，在常规延长的猴群中，鼻导气管阻力减小，而在上颌中心前向下延长的猴群中，鼻导气管阻力有增加的趋势。这一事实表明，呼吸功能可以随着鼻容积的变化而改变。并对临床正畸治疗提供了有益的建议。少

The purpose of this investigation was to clarify the effects of maxillary protraction in the the following three point ; (1) the difference of morphological and histological changes according with the difference of direction for the traction. (2) adaptaion of nasopharyngeal soft tissue to the maxillary skeletal changes during and after the traction. (3) relationship between the change of resistance of nasal airway and the morphological change during the experience.For (1) : according to the cephalometric analysis, in the conventional direction of protraction, upper dental arch had moved mesially with counter clockwise rotation of the occlusal plane. In the skeletal change, forward movement as well as counterc lockwise rotation of the palatal plane was shown. Especially the distal part of the palatal plane moved downward. In the mandible, major change was not shown in spite of the lingual inclination of the incisors. For the animals protacted antero-inferiorly from the center of resista … More nce of the maxilla, forward movement of the maxillary complex with superior movement of upper occlusal plane and palatal plane. And, palatal plane did not rotate clockwisely. For (2) : In the thickness of the soft tissue on the plate, there was no difference between the two groups, and there was no pathological changes. Also antero-posterior opening of the transverse palatine suture was seen in the two groups. In the animals protracted antero-inferiorly from the center of resistance, absorbtion lacuna were seen on the superior and inferior plane of the suture. And they were also seen on the bone surface of nasal floor. For (3) : To measure the resistance of nasal airway of the monkey, it was shown that comparatively stable measurement could be obtained with active anterior method. With the differences of direction and degree of palatal movement, changing pattern on the resistance of nasal airway. That is, in the monkeys protracted conventionally, the resistance of nasal airway decreased, however, in the animals protracted antero-inferiorly from the center of maxillary resistance, it tended to increase. This fact shows that respiratory function can be changed following to the change of nasal volume with maxillary protraction. And it is thought to give an useful suggestion to the clinical aspect of orthodontics. Less