HIGHLY UTILIZATION OF FORAGE PIGMENTS AND ALFALFA SAPONIN BY GREEN CROP FRACTIONATION

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Alfalfa leaf extract was prepared macerating fresh leaves, squeezing green juice, injecting steam in the juice and separating heat coagulum by centrifugation. The heat coagulum was freeze-dried and referred to as alfalfa leaf extract (LE). It should be prepared at vegetative stage to recover more carotenoids. Carotenoids in LE was very stable at -18ﾟC but beta-carotene was unsstable at 5ﾟC.At room temerature (20ﾟC), both beta-carotene and xanthophyll were so unstable that most of them were lost after 40 weeks. Addition of ethoxyquin at the time of processing was effective in protecting carotenoids from the destruction. High level application of ethoxyquin rather reduced the carotenoid retention of chicks and 100mg ethoxyquin/1 green juice was enough for the protection. As high inclusion of LE as 20% in the diet restricted carotenoid accumulation in eggs suggesting LE should be composed in diet less than 10%. Feeding LE reduced plasma LDL-cholesterol of chicks and hens but clear effect on eggs was not observed. Speration of saponions from LE and alfalfa roots have been tried and got 4.5g crude saponin/kg fresh root. Alfalfa saponin, medicagenic acis, reduces the cholestrol absorption of animals.