IMPROVEMENT OF SILAGE QUALITY BY REGIONALLY SPECIFIED ADDITIVE TREATMENTS

由于青贮品质、温度、乳酸菌种类和数量、饲料种类、饲料含糖量等方面的区域差异，本研究考虑了不同地区青贮品质差异的原因。在30℃左右，梭状芽孢杆菌的发酵能力增强，青贮品质下降，而乳酸菌接种剂的加入对青贮品质有抑制作用。即使有足够的糖存在，接种剂通常也不能有效地改善青贮品质。而添加发酵青汁（FGJ，有时被称为预先发酵汁），这是OHSHIMA在本研究中开发的一种新型添加剂，通常可以改善青贮品质。用家用搅拌机将新鲜草料用水浸泡，用奶酪布过滤，滤液用1%糖溶液稀释至20 l，在厌氧条件下保存1 ~ 2天。，按1-2ml/kg添加到青贮料中。大多数温带牧草含有足够的乳酸糖，添加FGJ可提高其青贮品质。苜蓿含糖量存在区域差异，北海道地区需要添加糖来提高FGJ青贮品质，名古屋和冈山地区则不需要添加糖。在原料饲料糖缺乏的情况下，添加纤维素酶（Cellulase）能有效促进青贮发酵。热带牧草青贮发酵缺乏糖而不是乳酸菌，通常通过添加纤维素酶来改善其青贮品质。添加乳酸菌或FGJ对热带牧草青贮品质影响很小或没有影响。以豆腐饼为基本成分制备TMR青贮饲料。通过添加麸皮或干草将青贮饲料的含水量控制在50%左右，可以得到发酵品质较好的青贮饲料，无需添加糖和乳酸菌。添加处理不能提高青贮饲料的适口性和营养价值。少

As the causes of regional differences in silage quality, temperature, kinds and population of lactic acid bacteria, kinds of forages, and sugar content of the forages were taken in the consideration in the present study.Clostridial fermentation was most enhanced around 30ﾟC and deteriorated the silage quality, but it was depressed by the addition of lactic acid bacteria inoculant. The inoculant was not usually active in improving silage quality even when enough sugars were present. While the addition of fermented green juice (FGJ,sometimes descrived as previously fermented juice), a novel additive developed by OHSHIMA in the present study, usually improved silage quality. The FGJ was prepared by macerating fresh forage with water using home blender, filtered through cheese cloth, dilute the filtrate to 20 l with 1% sugar solution, kept for 1 to 2 days under anaerobic condition., and add to silage material at 1-2ml/kg. Most of temperate grasses contained enough sugars for lactic acid fe … More rmentation and were improved their silage quality by the addition of FGJ.There was regional difference in sugar content in alfalfa and sugar additive was nessesary in Hokkaido to improve the silage quality by FGJ,but it was not necessary in Nagoya and Okayama.The addition of cellulolytic enzyme (Cellulase) was effective in enhancing the silage fermentation when sugars is deficient in the material forages. Tropical grasses were deficient in sugars rather than lactic acid bacteria for silage fermentation and usually improved their silage quality by the addition of cellulase. The addition of lactic acid bacteria or FGJ had a little or no effects on the silage quality of tropical grasses.TMR silages were prepared using Tofu cake as the basic component. If the moisture content of the silage was controlled to about 50% by adding bran or hay, silages of good fermentation quality could be obtained without sugar and lactic acid bacteria additives.The additive treatments do not improve the palatability and nutritive value of silages for cattle. Less