Omega-E: Establishing the instantaneous Earth rotation vector by inertial rotation sensing

大型G环激光器的操作已经得到改进，可以在5*10-9&lt；‘地球自转变化’&lt；10-8级别上常规监测地球自转。不幸的是，这只是一个单一组件的陀螺仪。随着罗米环形激光器的建造，有可能建造第一个用于地震学和空间大地测量的大型四分量光学陀螺仪。ROMY激光器的标度因子是G环激光器的两倍，是一种异质结结构。该研究方案试图将Romy结构的相位锁定在弱的多模区中，以便充分稳定腔以观察到昼夜的反向极运动。这一信号不能用GNSS、SLR和VLBI等空间大地测量几何技术直接探测到。为产生这一信号的地球物理过程开发适当的模型是这项研究建议的另一个重要部分，也是将环形激光观测与甚长基线测量和全球导航卫星系统的测量适当融合。G环激光器和Romy结构的比较最终有助于区分局部和全局旋转。

Operations of the large G ring laser have improved to the point that Earth rotation can be routinely monitored at the level 5*10-9 < 'Earth rotation changes' < 10-8. Unfortunately this is only a single component gyroscope. With the construction of the ROMY ring laser it was possible to build the first large 4 component optical gyroscope for applications in seismology and space geodesy. The scale factor of ROMY is two times larger than that of the G ring laser and it has been constructed as a heterolithic structure. This research proposal attempts to operate the ROMY structure phase locked in a weak multimode regime in order to stabilize the cavity sufficiently to observe diurnal retro-grade polar motion. This signal is not directly detectable with the geometric techniques of space geodesy such as GNSS, SLR and VLBI. The development of suitable models for the geophysical processes causing this signal is another important part of this research proposal as well as the appropriate fusion of ring laser observations with measurements of VLBI and GNSS. The comparison between the G ring laser and ROMY structure finally helps to distinguish local from global rotation.