fundamental experiment on energy localizations in nonlinear chains

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It is now known that the intrinsic localized modes (ILMs) are generic in spatially periodic, discrete and nonlinear systems. Excitations of the nonlinear localized oscillations have been demonstrated in a forced chain of masses. The masses are suspended, arranged along a horizontal line and connected with neighboring ones through a spring, which are designed so as to give the nonlinear restoring force to deflections. One end of the chain is fixed on the frame and the other is driven sinusoidally in the direction of array with an adjusted amplitude and tunable frequencies.It is revealed that the high-frequency driving excites the localized oscillations with a higher frequency than that of linear waves permitted to propagate in the system. Under the driving force with a constant frequency, the excitations occur intermittently near the forced end of the chain and the excited localized oscillations propagate the chain at a constant speed. They are regarded as the mobile type of ILMs.