Roles of cell fusion in tissue regeneration and tumorigenesis

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We analyzed expression of GCM1, SynA and SynB, genes that are known to regulate cell fusion during placentation, in mouse tissues. We found that GCM1 and SynA are expressed several tissues besides placenta, including the brain, lung, liver, intestine, skin and kidney. This finding suggests that GCM1 and SynA are also involved in cell fusion in these tissues. We next examined whether GCM1, SynA and SynB are involved in cell fusion during repair and regeneration of injured tissues. We found that expression of GCM1, SynA and SynB are markedly up-regulated in the kidney injured by ischemia-reperfusion. Expression of SynA is also increased in the crypt of the intestine injured by ulcerative colitis. These results suggest that GCM1, SynA and SynB induce cell fusion during repair and regeneration of injured tissues. Our findings may contributes to protection of the transplanted organ from ischemia-reperfusion injury.