New anti-HIV/SIV cellular-factors counteracted by Vpx: their search and identification

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On the basis of our previous results on molecular genetic analyses of HIV-2 in various myeloid and lymphoid cell lines, we newly developed systems to search and identify new cellular factors that are counteracted by Vpx, other than SAMHD1. We have obtained important virological results to show this concept: genetic and biochemical evidences demonstrating that Vpx is required for efficient virus replication in actively proliferating lymphocytes without SAMHD1 expression. Furthermore, in this study, we have identified the PPM (Poly-Proline Motif) sequence in Vpx that is critical for efficient translation of Vpx.