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Studies on Slope Stabilization Methods and Development of Sedimentation Control System in Sloping Reclaimed Lands

坡耕地边坡稳定方法研究及泥沙控制系统开发

基本信息

批准号：
01860028
负责人：
ANASE Makoto
金额：
$ 7.36万
依托单位：
Tokyo University of Agriculture (1990-1991)Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (1989)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Studies were carried out on the subjects of soil conservation in farm lands and on the sedimentation control of waterborne soil in sloping reclaimed lands.The test was conducted in a reclaimed field in Abashiri, Hokkaido, Japan wherein meteorological observation and hydrological survey were carried out. Also, ground surface and underground temperatures during the winter season were regularly monitored and recorded. Soil properties and behavior were likewise investigated including erosion and soil loss measurement from the field and slope surfaces. It was found out that soil loss from the sloping surface was greater than from the field surface.As one of the focus of this study, the effect of a thawinj or melting snow was investigated. When a snow starts to thaw and melt, soil particles can be detached and transported and in the process could cause considerable soil erosion. It is also known that soil loss during the winter season due to melting snow is larger compared to the soil loss during summer. However, in Japan, this phenomena is still largely unexplored owing io the lack of studies dealing on the erosion caused by melting snow in the cold areas of the country. Consequently though, the study was able to clear the mechanism of erosion in a snowy and cold area.Another important part of the study tested the application of vortex tube in steep channels using the results obtained from the erosion study in a snowy and cold area. This study proposes a sedimentation control system using the vortex tube. Movement of soil from the upslope as a result of melting snow can destroy the low lying parts of a reclaimed area through sedimentation.The results of these studies bring forth a new perspective which can scientifically and technically contribute to land reclamation and conservation in snowy or cold areas.

对农田土壤保持和坡耕地水生土壤沉积控制进行了研究。试验在日本北海道阿巴什里的一块复垦田里进行，进行了气象观测和水文调查。此外，冬季期间的地面和地下温度也被定期监测和记录。同样调查了土壤的性质和行为，包括田间和坡面的侵蚀和土壤流失测量。结果表明，坡面土壤流失量大于地表流失量，作为本研究的重点之一，研究了积雪融化对土壤侵蚀的影响。当雪开始融化和融化时，土壤颗粒可以分离和运输，在这个过程中可能会造成相当大的土壤侵蚀。人们还知道，与夏季相比，冬季因积雪融化而造成的土壤流失更大。然而，在日本，由于缺乏关于该国寒冷地区积雪融化造成的侵蚀的研究，这一现象在很大程度上仍未得到探索。研究的另一个重要部分是利用冰雪寒冷地区侵蚀研究的结果，对涡管在陡峭河道中的应用进行了试验。本研究提出了一种使用涡流管的沉淀物控制系统。由于积雪融化而导致的土壤从上坡移动，可以通过沉积破坏填海区的低洼部分。这些研究结果提供了一个新的视角，可以为雪地或寒冷地区的土地开垦和保护提供科学和技术上的帮助。