Bio-engineering by Polder System on Saline Soil in Thailand

泰国盐渍土上的圩田系统生物工程

• 批准号: 06041104
• 负责人: ANASE Makoto
• 金额: $ 8.45万
• 依托单位: Tokyo University of Agriculture
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1994 至 1995
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06041104/
• 关键词: Saline Soil; the Polder System; Environment; Erosion Control; Drought Resistance; Salt Tolerance Plant; Fish and Animal; Complex Plant; Sustainable Production; ポルダー(輪中); 塩類集積; 持続的生物生産; 植生群落; 土壌改良; 生態工学; 土壌浸食

A study was conducted to examine a method of sustainable biological production by introducing the Polder System. The mainly purpose of the study is to develop a sustainable agriculture by cearting integrated biological production system which comprises of some components such as introduction of drought resistance and salt tolerance plant, cash crops cultivation, improvement of soil and water environment, surface soil conservation, small animal rearing and fish culture. Detail themes consisted of co-researchers field are (i) reclamation of the Polder, (ii) aerial photogram survey by balloon, (iii) set of vegetation community and trace of succession, (iv) cultivation of useful vegetation and crops, (v) trace of surface water flow, groundwater flow and water quality, (vi) management of irrigation water by groundwater or irrigation pond, (vii) control of salt accumulation in the Polder, (viii) soil physico-chemical properties, soil nutrient, etc.Research site was located at Khon Kaen distr … More ict in Northeastern Thailand 27HE06 : 230-242(N16ﾟ17'47", E102ﾟ39'08") where is barren, flooding and strong affected salt. Elevation of Bench-mark is 177.948m above sea level. The mainly land use in this area is rice field with not so high productivity as fluctuation of meteorogical condition is rather high and uncertain. Soil water erosion is so much by sandy soil. Salt accumulation in the surface soil is occurred by shallow blackish groundwater. Moreover, irrigation water in dry season is limited. Three bodies of the Polder were reclaimed by back hoe with the egg type shaped. Egg type of the Polder body was selected for protection from flooding. Each area of the Polder are 1600m^2 (No.1), 1120m^2(No.2) and 3200m^2(No.3). Area of diversion ditch are 1500m^2(No.1 and 2) and 1100m^2(No.3).The Polder body was stabled in pass one year after reclamation by covering of wild grass. It was estimated that roles of diversion ditch and polder body are as (i) groundwater control, (ii) irrigation water holding in rainy season, (iii) fish pond, (iv) protection from flooding, (v) barrier for invading of animals from outside, (Vi) mitigation of meteology in polder, etc. Cotton tree, acacia and eucalyptus were planted on top of polder body, some cash crops were examined in polder, and these growth were almost good. Less

开展了一项研究，通过引入POLDER系统来研究可持续生物生产的方法。研究的主要目的是通过建立由抗旱耐盐植物引种、经济作物种植、改善水土环境、地表土壤保持、小动物饲养和养鱼等组成的综合生物生产体系，发展可持续农业。合作研究领域包括：(I)填海造田，(Ii)气球航空摄影测量，(Iii)植被群落和演替痕迹，(Iv)有用植被和农作物的种植，(V)地表水流、地下水流动和水质的追踪，(Vi)地下水或灌溉池塘对灌溉水的管理，(Vii)控制塘地盐分积累，()土壤理化性质，土壤养分等。研究地点位于Khon Kaen Distr…在泰国东北部有更多的信息和通信技术(27HE06：230-242(N16ﾟ17‘47“，E102ﾟ39’08”)，那里贫瘠，洪水泛滥，盐分受到强烈影响。标高海拔177.948m。该区土地利用以稻田为主，气象条件起伏较大，不确定，生产力不高。土壤水蚀在很大程度上是由沙土引起的。表层土壤中的盐分积聚是由浅黑色地下水引起的。此外，旱季灌溉用水量有限。塘鱼的三具身体是用卵形的反铲开垦出来的。为了防止水淹，选择了塘体的卵型。滩涂面积分别为1600m^2(1号)、1120m^2(2号)和3200m^2(3号)。引水沟面积为1500m^2(1号、2号)和1100m^2(3号)，围垦1年后，滩体稳定在山口。据估计，引水沟和滩体的作用是：(1)控制地下水，(2)雨季蓄水，(3)鱼塘，(4)防洪，(5)阻挡外来动物入侵，(5)减缓滩地气象等。滩体上种植了棉树、相思和桉树，一些经济作物在滩地上种植，生长良好。较少