Effective Use of Water and Land Resources, and Farming Systems in the Northern Region of Thailand

今年1月，泰国Phitsanulok Naresuan大学校长Sujin Jinahyon教授向东京农业大学Jiro Sugi教授提出了一项关于泰国北部地区发展的合作研究，从而启动了这项研究；1994. 在泰国的这个地区，由于砍伐树木和无序的轮作，大面积的土地被遗弃和破坏。Sujin教授对这种情况表示担忧，并指出了Khao Kho地区山坡农场的背景和迫切需要进行的研究项目。杉木教授将这种农业命名为“山坡农业”，并向大家展示了该项目的基本定位。该地区几乎所有的土地都是起伏不定的地形，由于轮作而没有大树，并有因侵蚀而失去表层土壤的斑块状废墟。这个地区的水库和水道仅供低洼的水田和市政使用，因此山坡农业和旱地作物的灌溉是一个未解决的问题。高原森林因移栽而逐渐消失，雨季降水无法控制，洪涝灾害时有发生。在旱季，浅井的深度可能超过10米。泰国北部地区的这些农业问题很难解决，但是研究人员应该与农民一起调查。该项目研究了泰国北部碧世洛省的概况、农业作物的引进、坡地种植的灌溉系统、与侵蚀有关的土壤物理特性、太阳能利用技术的引进、泰国北部地区土壤的有效利用、可持续农业系统、农业林业、山坡农业系统的物理模型，以及碧世洛和考科霍的管理。少

This study was initiated when Professor Dr. Sujin Jinahyon, President of Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand, offered a collaborative research regarding the development of the region in northern part of Thailand to Professor Dr. Jiro Sugi, Tokyo University of Agriculture, in January; 1994. In this region of Thailand, vast area of lands was abandoned and left ruined after deforestation because of tree cutting and disordered shifting cultivation. Professor Dr. Sujin, who worried about this situation, pointed out the background and urgent research projects required in the hill side farms in Khao Kho district. Professor Dr. Sugi, who named the agriculture "hillside farming", showed basic orientation of the project. Almost all lands in this region are undulating in topography, have no big trees because of the shifting cultivation, and have patched ruin lands which lost the surface soil by erosion. The annual rainfall is as small as about 800 mm, which is not enough for crop productio … More n. Reservoirs and waterways in this region are only for low land paddies and municipal uses, thus watering for hillside farming and upland crops is an unresolved problem. Forests in high lands are disappearing because of the shifting cultivation, thus the precipitation in wet seasons can't be controlled, and flooding is occuring. Shallow wells may become deeper than 10 m in dry seasons. These agricultural problems in northern regions of Thailand are difficult to solve, which however researchers should investigate together with farmers. This project studied outlines of Phitsanulok Province in northern Thailand, introduction of agricultural crops, irrigation systems for cropping on slope lands, physical properties of soils in relation to erosion, introduction of techniques for solar energy usages, effective use of soils in the northern region of Thailand for sustainable farming systems, ago-forestry, a physical model for hillside farming systems, and management in Phitsanulok and Khaokho. Less