Neural mechanisms, state effects and trait correlates of meditation induced alterations in the sense of self

冥想引起的自我意识改变的神经机制、状态效应和特质相关性

• 批准号: 398819783
• 负责人: Dr. Fynn-Mathis Trautwein
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Edmond J. Safra Brain Research Center for the Study of Learning Disabilities
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Fellowships
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/398819783?language=en
• 关键词: Neural; mechanisms; state; effects; trait

An ubiquitous feature of subjective human experience is the presence of a perceiving, thinking, feeling and acting subject, which is tied to a personal identity and to past memories. Current conceptualizations of this manifold phenomenon converge on a dual differentiation: The minimal self refers to the immediate subject of experience, perceived as the owner of a body and agent in thought and action. In contrast, the narrative self involves reflected knowledge of what is considered “me”. While perturbations in the sense of self have been described in various mental disorders, a change in the self is also assumed to be a central mechanism of mindfulness meditation effects on wellbeing and social abilities. To contribute to an integrated mechanistic understanding of the involved processes, this project aims to investigate alterations in the self induced by meditation in two studies focusing on 1) lasting trait effects on processes pertaining to the narrative self and 2) short meditation states of attenuated minimal self experience. Both studies will rely on a multi-method approach that triangulates self-reports, behavioral tasks and neural measures. Using EEG, study 1 will test for hypothesized relationships between attenuated narrative self processing and trait mindfulness. Study 2 will assess candidate mechanisms of the minimal self in normal vs. attenuated minimal self experience through functional connectivity modeling of MEG data obtained from expert meditation practitioners.

主观人类体验的一个普遍特征是感知、思考、感觉和行为主体的存在，它与个人身份和过去的记忆联系在一起。目前对这一多种现象的概念化集中在双重区分上：最小自我指的是经验的直接主体，被认为是身体的所有者，在思想和行动中是代理人。相反，叙事性的自我包含了对什么被认为是“我”的反思知识。虽然自我意识的扰动在各种精神障碍中都有描述，但自我的变化也被认为是正念冥想对幸福感和社交能力产生影响的核心机制。为了有助于对相关过程的完整机制的理解，本项目旨在通过两项研究来研究冥想对自我的影响：1)与叙述性自我有关的持久特质效应；2)减弱的最小自我体验的短暂冥想状态。这两项研究都将依赖于一种多方法方法，对自我报告、行为任务和神经测量进行三角测量。研究一将使用脑电测试弱化叙事自我加工与特质注意之间的假设关系。研究2将通过对专家冥想练习者获得的脑磁图数据进行功能连接建模，评估正常和减弱的最小自我体验中最小自我的候选机制。