Neural mechanisms of meditation training in healthy and depressed adolescents: An MRI connectome study

健康和抑郁青少年冥想训练的神经机制：MRI 连接组研究

• 批准号: 10704740
• 负责人: Olga Tymofiyeva
• 金额: $ 58.14万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10704740
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Affect; Age; Anhedonia; Attenuated; Brain; Brain region; Caring; Characteristics; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Compassion; Control Groups; Data; Depressed mood; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Disease; Emotional; Goals; Happiness; Health; Intervention; Knowledge; Literature; Love; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maps; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Meditation; Mental Depression; Methods; Mindfulness Training; Mission; Modeling; Outcome; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Phase; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Prevention; Primary Care; Productivity; Public Health; Questionnaires; Randomized; Research; Sampling; Scanning; Severities; Symptoms; Techniques; Teenagers; Testing; Training; United States National Institutes of Health; Waiting Lists; Weight; Work; Youth; adolescent health; child depression; cohort; comparison control; connectome; depression prevention; depressive symptoms; design; disability; effective intervention; effectiveness study; expectation; experience; improved; indexing; innovation; mindfulness meditation; myelination; neural; neurodevelopment; neuromechanism; novel; pleasure; positive emotional state; prevent; putamen; recruit; relapse prevention; response; white matter

Project Summary/Abstract Meditation training is a promising technique that can help improve emotional health of adolescents and facilitate treatment of adolescent depression. However, there is a fundamental gap in understanding the neural reorganization that takes place as a result of meditation training. Continued existence of this gap represents an important problem because, until it is filled, design of more effective interventions is highly unlikely. The long- term goal is to establish safe and effective methods of promoting emotional health in adolescents. The objective here is to study adolescents undergoing meditation training by using MRI connectomics to map changes in node strength (integrated connectivity) of the putamen. The putamen is a region previously associated with meditation practice and attenuated shrinkage with age in Zen meditators on the one hand, and with love, compassion, anticipation of pleasure, and responses to increasing intensity of happiness on the other hand. The central hypothesis is that structural connectivity of the putamen with other brain regions will increase in adolescents with mediation training and, in turn, positively affect their emotional health. This innovative model is rooted in preliminary results and previous literature. The rationale for the proposed MRI connectomics approach is that regular engagement of the putamen is expected to increase myelination of the white matter tracks connecting it to other regions, which can be probed by using diffusion MRI. Guided by strong preliminary data, this hypothesis will be tested by pursuing two specific aims, which entail studying changes in the putamen node strength and emotional health measured as internalizing problems and depressive symptoms in 1) a cohort of healthy adolescents with a 12-week meditation training compared to waitlist controls (R61 phase) and 2) a cohort of adolescents with mild to moderate depression with a 12-week meditation training compared to waitlist controls (R33 phase). The “Go/No-Go Criterion” is a medium-large increase of the putamen node strength observed with meditation training in healthy adolescents in the R61 phase (Cohen's d>0.6). The optimization strategy for the R33 phase is based on the fact that anhedonia (diminished ability to experience pleasure) is a key characteristic of depression and preliminary results show that putamen structural connectivity is lower in adolescent depression. It is therefore expected that the mechanistic effect in the putamen will be amplified in the population of depressed adolescents, reflecting normalization of the putamen function. The proposed research is innovative, because it uses advanced MRI connectomics methods to map changes in brain networks of youth with meditation training and tests a novel mechanistic model. The proposed research is significant, because it is expected to greatly advance our understanding of the neural mechanism by which meditation improves emotional health of adolescents. Ultimately, such knowledge will inform treatment and prevention of adolescent depression.

项目摘要/摘要 冥想训练是一种有前途的技术，可以帮助改善青少年的情绪健康和 促进青少年抑郁症的治疗。但是，理解中立有根本的差距 重组是由于冥想训练而进行的。持续存在此差距代表 重要的问题是因为在填补之前，更有效的干预措施的设计极不可能。长期 术语目标是建立在青少年促进情绪健康的安全有效方法。这 目的是研究通过使用MRI Connectomics绘制冥想训练的青少年 壳虫的节点强度（集成连接性）的变化。鬼盘是以前的区域 一方面，与冥想练习和随着年龄的增长而减弱的收缩，一方面 充满爱，同情，对愉悦的期待以及对增强幸福强度的反应 另一方面。中心假设是壳核与其他大脑区域的结构连通性将 通过调解训练的青少年增加，进而对他们的情绪健康产生积极影响。这 创新模型植根于初步结果和以前的文献。拟议的MRI的理由 连接组学方法是定期接合壳核会增加髓鞘形成 白质跟踪将其连接到其他区域，可以使用扩散MRI探测。指导 强大的初步数据，该假设将通过追求两个具体目标来检验，这需要研究 壳质节点强度和情绪健康的变化被衡量为内在问题和 1）一组健康的青少年组和12周的冥想训练的抑郁症状 候补列表对照（R61期）和2）一组轻度至中度抑郁症的青少年队列，为期12周 冥想训练与候补对照组（R33阶段）相比。 “ Go/No-Go Criterion”是中等大型 通过在R61中健康青少年的冥想训练中观察到的壳质节点强度的提高 阶段（Cohen的D> 0.6）。 R33阶段的优化策略是基于Anhedonia的事实 （体验愉悦的能力降低）是抑郁症和初步结果的关键特征 在青春期抑郁症中，壳质结构连通性较低。因此，预计 在镇压青少年的种群中，壳虫中的机械效应将被放大，反映 壳肌功能的归一化。拟议的研究具有创新性，因为它使用了高级MRI 通过冥想训练和测试新颖的连接方法来绘制青年大脑网络的变化 机械模型。拟议的研究非常重要，因为预计我们 了解冥想改善青少年情绪健康的神经机制。 最终，这种知识将为青少年抑郁症的治疗和预防提供信息。