Neural mechanisms of meditation training in healthy and depressed adolescents: An MRI connectome study

健康和抑郁青少年冥想训练的神经机制：MRI 连接组研究

• 批准号: 10704740
• 负责人: Olga Tymofiyeva
• 金额: $ 58.14万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10704740
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Affect; Age; Anhedonia; Attenuated; Brain; Brain region; Caring; Characteristics; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Compassion; Control Groups; Data; Depressed mood; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Disease; Emotional; Goals; Happiness; Health; Intervention; Knowledge; Literature; Love; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maps; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Meditation; Mental Depression; Methods; Mindfulness Training; Mission; Modeling; Outcome; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Phase; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Prevention; Primary Care; Productivity; Public Health; Questionnaires; Randomized; Research; Sampling; Scanning; Severities; Symptoms; Techniques; Teenagers; Testing; Training; United States National Institutes of Health; Waiting Lists; Weight; Work; Youth; adolescent health; child depression; cohort; comparison control; connectome; depression prevention; depressive symptoms; design; disability; effective intervention; effectiveness study; expectation; experience; improved; indexing; innovation; mindfulness meditation; myelination; neural; neurodevelopment; neuromechanism; novel; pleasure; positive emotional state; prevent; putamen; recruit; relapse prevention; response; white matter

Project Summary/Abstract Meditation training is a promising technique that can help improve emotional health of adolescents and facilitate treatment of adolescent depression. However, there is a fundamental gap in understanding the neural reorganization that takes place as a result of meditation training. Continued existence of this gap represents an important problem because, until it is filled, design of more effective interventions is highly unlikely. The long- term goal is to establish safe and effective methods of promoting emotional health in adolescents. The objective here is to study adolescents undergoing meditation training by using MRI connectomics to map changes in node strength (integrated connectivity) of the putamen. The putamen is a region previously associated with meditation practice and attenuated shrinkage with age in Zen meditators on the one hand, and with love, compassion, anticipation of pleasure, and responses to increasing intensity of happiness on the other hand. The central hypothesis is that structural connectivity of the putamen with other brain regions will increase in adolescents with mediation training and, in turn, positively affect their emotional health. This innovative model is rooted in preliminary results and previous literature. The rationale for the proposed MRI connectomics approach is that regular engagement of the putamen is expected to increase myelination of the white matter tracks connecting it to other regions, which can be probed by using diffusion MRI. Guided by strong preliminary data, this hypothesis will be tested by pursuing two specific aims, which entail studying changes in the putamen node strength and emotional health measured as internalizing problems and depressive symptoms in 1) a cohort of healthy adolescents with a 12-week meditation training compared to waitlist controls (R61 phase) and 2) a cohort of adolescents with mild to moderate depression with a 12-week meditation training compared to waitlist controls (R33 phase). The “Go/No-Go Criterion” is a medium-large increase of the putamen node strength observed with meditation training in healthy adolescents in the R61 phase (Cohen's d>0.6). The optimization strategy for the R33 phase is based on the fact that anhedonia (diminished ability to experience pleasure) is a key characteristic of depression and preliminary results show that putamen structural connectivity is lower in adolescent depression. It is therefore expected that the mechanistic effect in the putamen will be amplified in the population of depressed adolescents, reflecting normalization of the putamen function. The proposed research is innovative, because it uses advanced MRI connectomics methods to map changes in brain networks of youth with meditation training and tests a novel mechanistic model. The proposed research is significant, because it is expected to greatly advance our understanding of the neural mechanism by which meditation improves emotional health of adolescents. Ultimately, such knowledge will inform treatment and prevention of adolescent depression.

项目摘要/摘要 冥想训练是一种很有前途的技术，可以帮助改善青少年的情绪健康和 促进青少年抑郁症的治疗。然而，在对神经的理解上存在着根本的差距。 由于冥想训练而发生的重组。这种差距的持续存在意味着 这是一个重要的问题，因为在它被填满之前，设计出更有效的干预措施的可能性微乎其微。长的- 学期目标是建立安全有效的方法来促进青少年的情绪健康。这个 摘要目的应用磁共振连接图对正在进行冥想训练的青少年进行研究。 壳核的节点强度(集成连接性)的变化。壳核是以前的一个区域 一方面，禅修者与冥想练习有关，并随着年龄的增长而减弱萎缩，以及 带着爱，同情，对快乐的期待，以及对日益强烈的幸福的反应 另一只手。中心假设是壳核与其他大脑区域的结构连接将 青少年接受调解培训的人数增加，反过来又对他们的情绪健康产生积极影响。这 创新模式植根于初步成果和前人文献。提议的核磁共振成像的基本原理 连接学的方法是，壳核的定期接触预计会增加髓鞘形成 白质追踪将其连接到其他区域，这可以通过扩散磁共振进行探测。指导原则 强劲的初步数据，这一假设将通过追求两个具体目标来检验，这需要研究 壳核结节强度和情绪健康的变化被测量为内在性问题和 1)接受12周冥想训练的健康青少年队列中的抑郁症状与 等待名单控制(R61阶段)和2)患有轻中度抑郁症的青少年队列，为期12周 冥想训练与等候名单对照(R33阶段)。“去/不去的标准”是一个中等大小的 R61中健康青少年冥想训练后壳核结节力量的增加 阶段(Cohen‘s d&gt；0.6)。R33阶段的优化策略是基于以下事实：快感缺乏症 (体验快乐的能力减弱)是抑郁症的一个关键特征，初步结果显示 青春期抑郁症患者的壳核结构连接性较低。因此，预计 在抑郁青少年人群中，壳核中的机械效应将被放大，反映出 壳核函数的归一化。这项拟议的研究具有创新性，因为它使用了先进的核磁共振成像技术 通过冥想训练和测试一种新的方法来绘制年轻人大脑网络的变化图 机械论模型。这项拟议的研究意义重大，因为它有望极大地推动我们的 了解冥想改善青少年情绪健康的神经机制。 最终，这些知识将为青少年抑郁症的治疗和预防提供信息。