Does CO2regulate the intracellular chloroplast positioning?

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：Chloroplasts absorb the photosynthetic substrate CO2from the intercellular air spaces. Since chloroplasts in mesophyll cells are adjacent to the cell wall along the intercellular air spaces but not the neighboring cells, it has been hypothesized that chloroplastsare located at the cell wall containing higher CO2, although without any experimental verification. By embedding mesophyll protoplasts in a gel, we obtained the results strongly supporting the hypothesis. Further, by regulating the CO2concentration in the intercellular air spaces of each leaf, we proposed that the final destination of chloroplasts is determined through cross talk between the light intensity and the local CO2concentration in the cell wall.