Analysis of a new defense mechanism against microbial infections found in Paramecium

草履虫中发现的针对微生物感染的新防御机制的分析

• 批准号: 23657157
• 负责人: FUJISHIMA MASAHIRO
• 金额: $ 2.58万
• 依托单位: Yamaguchi University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2011 至 2013
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-23657157/
• 关键词: 機能進化; 細胞内共生; ゾウリムシ; ホロスポラ; 感染防御; 選択的食胞形成; 一次共生; 食胞形成; 食胞形成忌避反応; 生体防御; 大核

Once Paramecium caudatum has been infected by endosymbiotic bacterium Holospora obtusa, the host cells become reduced the ability for digestive vacuole formation to the secondary added same bacteria, and that this change in the vacuole formation is induced within 4 h after the first infection. H. obtusa-bearing host cells can ingest various bacteria if the host has not yet been infected before by them. These suggest that Paramecium can distinguish and memory the infectious Holospora and acquires an unknown defense mechanism for the secondary infection. Treatment of the secondary added infectious H. obtusa with Lipase, Proteinase K, Lyticase, alpha-mannnosidase, or beta-galactosidase did not affect the host digestive vacuole formation. Also, treatments of the secondary added infectious H. obtusa and the host with antibodies for a 250-kDa cell surface protein of aposymbiotic paramecia are not effective. This phenomenon is repeatable, but molecular mechanism is still unknown.

一旦尾草履虫被内共生细菌 Holospora obtusa 感染，宿主细胞对二次添加相同细菌的消化液泡形成能力就会降低，并且这种液泡形成的变化是在第一次感染后 4 小时内诱导的。如果宿主之前尚未被细菌感染，则携带钝孢菌的宿主细胞可以摄取各种细菌。这些表明草履虫能够区分和记忆传染性的全孢子虫，并获得了一种未知的继发感染防御机制。用脂肪酶、蛋白酶 K、裂解酶、α-甘露糖苷酶或 β-半乳糖苷酶处理二次添加的传染性 H. obtusa 不会影响宿主消化液泡的形成。此外，用针对非共生草履虫的 250-kDa 细胞表面蛋白的抗体对次级添加的感染性 H. obtusa 和宿主进行治疗也无效。这种现象是可重复的，但分子机制仍不清楚。

项目成果

Insights into the Paramecium-Holospora and Paramecium-Chlorella symbioses. In, Cilia/flagella and ciliates/flagellates, (Eds) Hausmann K., Radek R.

深入了解草履虫-全孢菌和草履虫-小球藻共生。

• 发表时间: 2014
• 作者: Fujishima M.;Kodama Y.
• 通讯作者: Kodama Y.

Draft Genome Sequence of Holospora undulata Strain HU1, a Micronucleus-Specific Symbiont of the Ciliate Paramecium caudatum.

• DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00664-13
• 发表时间: 2013-08-22
• 期刊: Genome announcements
• 作者: Dohra H;Suzuki H;Suzuki T;Tanaka K;Fujishima M
• 通讯作者: Fujishima M

Infection process of endonuclear symbiotic bacteria Holospora species to the ciliate Paramecium caudatum

核内共生菌全孢菌对纤毛虫尾草履虫的侵染过程

• 发表时间: 2013
• 作者: M. Fujishima;C. Morikawa;H. Fujise;T. Kaya;K. Iwatani;K. Tanaka;M. Nakamura;Y. Kodama
• 通讯作者: Y. Kodama

ミドリゾウリムシの共生クロレラの接着領域の局在性について

草履虫共生小球藻粘附区的定位

• 发表时间: 2012
• 作者: 鈴木治夫;道羅英夫;鈴木智大;田中健也;藤島政博;児玉有紀
• 通讯作者: 児玉有紀

ナショナルバイオリソースプロジェクト・ゾウリムシ

国家生物资源工程草履虫