Developmental morphology of high yielding maize

应用植物体发育形态学方法，对玉米杂交种的高产能力进行了分析，并与亲本进行了比较。玉米杂交种的高产是由于分化小花数增加，保持较高的结实率，从而使每穗成熟粒数增加，并与第三植物体群的叶面积增大有关，第三植物体群在玉米杂交种中发育并具有较高的活性，在玉米杂交种中，第三植物体群在玉米杂交种中的活性最高。玉米杂交种的高产是由于第三植物体群在玉米杂交种中的分化小花数增加，保持较高的结实率，从而使每穗成熟粒数增加。玉米杂交种的高产与第三植物体群在玉米杂交种中发育并具有较高的活性有关小花分化期。植物单体（群）组成的差异分析表明，形态特征的遗传控制可能相对容易。但选育植物类群组成变异大的亲本系是必要的。

High yielding ability of maize hybrids were analyzed and compared with their parental lines by means of developmental morphological method using phytomer theory.High yield in maize hybrids was resulted from increase of number of differentiated florets and keeping high ripening percentage which caused increasing number of ripened grains per ear and were correlated with leaf area enlargement in the third phytomer group that developed and had high activities during floret differentiation stage.Diallel analysis of phytomer(group) composition showed that genetical control of morphological characteristics may be relatively easy. But it is necessary to breed parental lines which have wide variation in phytomer(group) composition.