A Development of Systematic Diagnosis on Total Safety against an Earthquake in Household Unit.

为了减轻城市地区在破坏性地震中发生的各种灾害，提出了一种新的家庭单位总体抗震安全诊断方法。到目前为止，人们已经提出了许多对住宅结构安全性进行提前检测的方法。抗震结构并不总是保证一个家庭在地震中完全安全，因为地震灾害不仅包括实物的损失，还包括生命的损失和活动的干扰。从这个角度出发，提出了考虑直接和间接损害的总体抗震安全诊断方法。我们从以往地震的各种报告和数据中收集了相关的问题，并将其编成问卷。问卷的内容和诊断策略通过试验调查进行检查和修订。然后，以实际应用为目标，选取日本川崎市（人口约100万）720户家庭进行了试点测试，验证了方法的能力和可靠性。

A new systematic method to diagnose of total safety against an earthquake in household unit was developed in order to mitigate various disasters in urban area during destructive eatthquakes.Until now, many methods which check up the structural safety of dwellings in advance have been proposed. The earthquake-resistant structure dose not always promise the total safety against an earthquake for a household, because an earthquake disaster contains not only the loss of physical objects but also the loss of human lives and disturbance of activities.From this point of view, new diagnosis of total safety against earthquakes considering direct as well as indirect damages was introduced. Related items to be inquired were collected from various reports and data of past earthquakes and were composed into a questionnaire form. Contents of a queationnaire sheet and diagnostic strategy were examined and revised through a trial survey. Then, aiming at practical use a pilot test was performed choosing 720 households in Kawasaki city, Japan (whose population is about 1 million) and capability and reliability of the method was confirmed.