Immediate Earthquake protection-Support Information System to Equip at Schools

本研究旨在发展一个即时地震资讯系统，以协助中小学校的紧急应变工作，因为这些学校的学生都是身心尚未发育成熟的学生，原因是在地震中，他们在地震中的危险性比成长中的更高，他们的老师不能成为最可靠的领导者，因为他们对地震现象和必要的知识不足。所设计的系统硬件由一套三分量强震仪、数字记录仪和PC机组成。该系统的软件主要由地震输入评估、震害预测和应急响应辅助三大部分组成。系统中预先存储了地震烈度与结构易损性、人员伤亡率等经验关系式和学生、教师等实际数据，当地震仪检测到重大地震时，系统迅速自动地开始逐步进行各种评估。进行实时过程以评估进行观测时的地震严重程度，并在文本方面，与地震强度的瞬时值同时产生诸如注意、自我保护等语音信息，并将其传递给学生和教师。为了评估学校建筑物和相关设施的损坏情况，并最终为紧急响应援助（如疏散）执行以下程序。该系统可以在地震结束后几分钟内完成所有这些过程，可以作为学校地震风险管理系统的主要组成部分。此外，通过稍作修改，该系统可以适用于学校以外的其他公共和社会设施。一份几十页的报告将在项目期末出版。

This study aims at developing an immediate earthquake information system to assist emergency responses at primary and junior-high schools where a mass of mentally and physically unripe pupils spend their daily lives, in reasons that in earthquakes they are prone to higher danger of caualty in earthquakes than grown-up people and that their teachers can not be most reliable leaders due to their insufficient knowledge about earthquake phenomena and necessary countermeasures.Hardware of the designed system is simply composed of a set of three-component of strong motion seismometers, a digital recorder and a PC computer. Software of the system is of the three major parts of seismic input evaluation, damage estimation and emergency response assistance. Empirical equations as seismic intensity vs structural vulnerability and casualty rate and fact data as numbers of pupils, teachers and etc are in advance stored in the system.When the seismometer detects a significant earthquake, the system starts stepwise processes for various kinds of assessment rapidly and automatically. The real-time process is carried out for the assessment of the seismic severity at which the observation is made and, in terms of text, the voice information such as caution, self-protection and so forth is produced in parallel with the momentary values of seismic intensity and delivered to the pupils and teachers. The following processes are carried out for the assessment of the damage to shcool buildings and associated facilities and finally for the emergency response assistance as evacuation. The system can finish all of these processes in a few minutes after seismic shaking ends.The developed system can be a principal component of the general risk management system of schools in earthquakes. Also, by a slight modification, the system can apply for other public and social facilities than schools. A report with several tens of pages is to be published by the end of the project term.