A Practical Study on the Stable-high-yielding Culture of Paddy Rice

一个旨在减少劳力和高产栽培水稻生产的三年项目已经完成。研究成果包括：水田包衣稻直接播种播种机的研制、土壤参数测量装置的研制、高产栽培方法的建立和新型肥料的研制。以下是该项目的阅读发现和发展。窄行距（15 ~ 20 cm）水稻直接播种机的研制。2.湿水稻土土壤硬度计的研制。3.单位面积最高产量的最佳种苗和播种密度的确定。4.明确了基于土地生产力的行距、行距、点播种子数与产量之间的关系。5.3种不同施肥方式（常规施肥、全侧施肥、全层缓效施肥）对DSSP水稻生长的影响。6.澄清了水田水深与单位面积茎数的关系。7.建立数学模型，分别描述叶片的明暗与生产性茎的百分比之间的关系，以及叶片的明暗与茎长之间的关系。8.澄清了单穗粒数、第二叶长和第二节间长之间的关系。9.澄清追肥和穗肥次数与亩产茎数和亩产粒数之间的关系。10.利用叶绿素计的管理实践确定以目标产量为基础的管理标准。11.引入新参数“阀杆长度密度（m/ <m^2>）”

A three-year project aiming at reduction of laber and high-yielding culturein rice production has been completed. The achivement includes developments ofthe seeding machine for DSSP (Direct seeding with coated rice in submerged paddyfi eld), a measuring device for a soil parameter, establishment of high-yieldingculture method and new type fertilizer.The followings are reading findings and developments in this project.1.Development of a direct rice seeder with narrow interrow spacing appricators (15 cm-20 cm). 2.Developemt of a soil hardness tester used for wet paddy soil. 3.Determination of optimum establishment of seedling and seeding density for maximum yield per unit area. 4.Clarification of the relationships between interrow spacing,intrarow spacing number of seeds to drill per spot and yield based on land productivity. 5.Confirmation of the effects of three different fertilizer application method (Conventional, fullow-side fertilizer application,whole layer application of slow-acting fertilizer) on the growth of DSSP rice. 6.Clarification of the relationships between water depth of paddy field and number of stems per uint area. 7.Development of mathematical models to describe relationships between light and shade of leaf and percentage of productive stems , and between that and stem length, respectively. 8.Clarification of the relationships between number of grains per head,second leaf length, and second internode length. 9.Clarification of the relationships between times of top dressing and ear manuring and number of productive stems per area and grains per head. 10.Determination of management criteria based on aiming yield by a management practice using the chlorophylemeter. 11.Introduction of a new parameter "Stem length density (m/ <m^2> )"