A Practical Study on the Stable-high-yielding Culture of Paddy Rice

一项为期三年的旨在减少水稻生产中的劳动力和高产栽培的项目已经完成。本项目的主要成果包括：研制了水稻覆膜直播播种机、土壤参数测定装置、高产栽培方法的建立和新型肥料的研制。以下是本项目的阅读结果和进展：1.窄行距（15 cm-20 cm）水稻直播播种机的研制。2.湿稻田土壤硬度测定仪的研制。3.单位面积最高产量最佳育秧密度的确定。4.以土地生产力为基础，阐明了行间距、行间距、每点播种数与产量之间的关系。5.验证了常规施肥、全侧施肥、整层施用缓效肥三种不同施肥方式对水稻生长的影响。6.水稻田水深与单位面积茎数关系之澄清。7.建立了叶片明暗度与有效茎率、有效茎率与茎长关系的数学模型。8.澄清了每穗粒数、第二叶长和第二节间长之间的关系。9.明确了追肥、穗肥施用次数与单位面积有效茎数和穗粒数的关系。10.以叶绿素计管理实践为例，确定基于目标产量的管理标准。11.引入新参数“茎长密度（m/ <m^2>）”

A three-year project aiming at reduction of laber and high-yielding culturein rice production has been completed. The achivement includes developments ofthe seeding machine for DSSP (Direct seeding with coated rice in submerged paddyfi eld), a measuring device for a soil parameter, establishment of high-yieldingculture method and new type fertilizer.The followings are reading findings and developments in this project.1.Development of a direct rice seeder with narrow interrow spacing appricators (15 cm-20 cm). 2.Developemt of a soil hardness tester used for wet paddy soil. 3.Determination of optimum establishment of seedling and seeding density for maximum yield per unit area. 4.Clarification of the relationships between interrow spacing,intrarow spacing number of seeds to drill per spot and yield based on land productivity. 5.Confirmation of the effects of three different fertilizer application method (Conventional, fullow-side fertilizer application,whole layer application of slow-acting fertilizer) on the growth of DSSP rice. 6.Clarification of the relationships between water depth of paddy field and number of stems per uint area. 7.Development of mathematical models to describe relationships between light and shade of leaf and percentage of productive stems , and between that and stem length, respectively. 8.Clarification of the relationships between number of grains per head,second leaf length, and second internode length. 9.Clarification of the relationships between times of top dressing and ear manuring and number of productive stems per area and grains per head. 10.Determination of management criteria based on aiming yield by a management practice using the chlorophylemeter. 11.Introduction of a new parameter "Stem length density (m/ <m^2> )"