Engineering Reproduction of Sound from Pilsudski's wax Phonograph cylinders

B.毕苏斯基的65个蜡筒被带到北海道大学应用电学研究所，用于复制和调查记录在上面的声音。使用爱迪生类型的留声机，其指示笔在复制过程中对蜡筒的凹槽施加大约20g的沉重压力，因此肯定存在损坏蜡筒的极大风险。这是一个问题，因为不仅蜡制圆筒上记录的声音，而且圆筒本身也是我们文化遗产的一部分。因此，一种使用非常轻的压力触针的方法被开发出来，作为从蜡瓶中再现声音的系统。然而，还有24个圆柱体尚未复制；由于圆柱体破裂或碎裂，无法使用指示笔方法。这些破损的蜡瓶已经修好了。由于阿伊努人谈话的宝贵声音和很久以前丢失的歌曲似乎都被记录在这些圆柱体上，所以复制是最重要的。为了从修复后的圆柱体中再现声音，发展了非接触、无损的激光反射法。本研究通过以下四个步骤进行：(1)蜡筒的清洗和复制；(2)采用新开发的tylus法和激光反射法进行声音再现；(3)针对两种不同的尖峰噪声和随机噪声进行降噪。

B. Pilsudski's sixty-five wax cylinders were brought to the Research Institute of Applied Electricity, Hokkaido University, for reproduction and investigation of the sound recorded on them. Using the Edison-type phonograph, its stylus gives such a heavy pressure of approximately 20 g to the grooves of the wax cylinder in the reproduction process that there is definitely a grest risk of damaging the wax cylinder. This is a problem because not only the sounds recorded on the wax cylinder but also the cylinder itself is part of our cultural inheritance. So a method using a very light pressure stylus was developed as a reproduction system of the sound from wax cylinders. However, there were twenty-four more cylinders that have not yet been reproduced; the stylus method cannot be used because the cylinders are cracked or in pieces. These broken wax cylinders were repaired. Since the valuable sounds of the Ainu talk and songs lost so long ago seem to be recroded on these cylinders, reproduction is most important. To reproduce the sounds from these repaired cylinders, the laser-beam reflection method which is noncontacting and nondestructive was developed.The present research was done by following the four steps: (1) Cleaning and replication of the wax cylinders, (2) Sound reproduction using the tylus method and the laser-beam reflection method which were newly developed, (3) Noise reduction for two different spike-like noise and random noise.