Establishment of soil managements for moisture-nutrients and saline irrigation by drip method in sand fields

沙田水分养分土壤管理和滴灌盐灌的建立

• 批准号: 61860022
• 负责人: YAMAMOTO Tahei
• 金额: $ 5.25万
• 依托单位: Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1986
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1986 至 1988
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-61860022/
• 关键词: saline irrigation; drip irrigation; soil management; leaching fraction; sub-irrigation; salt movement; nutrient movement; auto-radiography; 塩水潅漑; 点滴潅漑; 節水栽培; 地中潅漑; X線フィルム; リーチングフラックション; 水分プロフィル; 塩分プロフィル; RIトレーサー

From the studies during 1986-1988, the results were summarized as follows.1. Movements of moisture and salts under drip irrigation were discussed on the characteristics of (1) three-dimensional distribution in the dare sand field, (2) two-dimensional distribution in the bare sand field and (3) one-dimensional distribution in the root zone of sorghum.2. Leaching experiments on cotton cultivation were carried out using lysimeters in grass-house. The leaching ratios of soil salts showed 40% and 60% under the conditions of leaching fractions of 0.16 and 0.18, respectively. The cotton yields with the saline irrigation of 3,500 ppm decreased below a half of those obtained with non-saline irrigation.3. The movements of moisture and salts were discussed under the conditions of two irrigation methods of concentrated water supply and drip method, using the soil columns planted with vegetables in the growth cabinets. The drip method showed more efficient water use and higher salts concentration in the main root zones during active transpiration stage in a day.4. The methods of auto-radiography using isotope of^<45>Ca and image analysis were applied to the soil salts movement under the conditons of sand columns in the laboratory. It was established by these methods that salts were analyzed quantitatively without soil sampling and salt movements were traced hourly in the soil colomns.

根据1986-1988年的研究结果，总结如下.根据滴灌条件下高粱根区水盐运移特征，探讨了滴灌条件下高粱根区水盐运移的三维分布特征、裸沙地水盐运移的二维分布特征和根区水盐运移的一维分布特征.利用蒸渗仪在草棚中进行了棉花田土壤淋溶试验。在淋溶分数为0.16和0.18的条件下，土壤盐分的淋溶率分别为40%和60%。3，500 ppm盐水灌溉的棉花产量比非盐水灌溉的棉花产量减少一半以下.利用生长箱内种植蔬菜的土柱，研究了集中供水和滴灌两种灌溉方式下土壤水分和盐分的运移规律。在蒸腾活跃期，滴灌法的水分利用效率更高，根系盐分浓度也更高.在<45>室内砂柱条件下，应用~（13）Ca同位素自显影技术和图像分析技术研究了土壤盐分的运动。通过这些方法，可以在不取样的情况下对盐分进行定量分析，并在土柱中每小时追踪盐分运动。

项目成果

山本太平: 農土論集. 127. 1-9 (1987)

Taihei Yamamoto：农业和土壤研究集 127. 1-9 (1987)。

Hideyasu Fujiyama: Sail Sci.Plant Nutr.35(1). 203-210 (1989)

藤山英康：Sail Sci.Plant Nutr.35(1)。

山本太平: 農土誌. 57(1). 53-60 (1989)

山本泰平：Nodoshi 57(1)。

Hideyasu,Fujiyama: "Studies on responses of plants grown on sand dune soil to a nutrient solution applied by drip irrigation(1)-Relation between behaviors of nutrients in the soil and nutrients uptake by tomatoes" Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.35(1). 203-210 (1989

Hideyasu，Fujiyama：“沙丘土壤上生长的植物对滴灌营养液的响应研究（1）-土壤养分行为与番茄养分吸收之间的关系”土壤科学。

Tahei,Yamamoto: "One-dimensional movements of water and salt in soil columns with plant root using the drip irrigation method" Trans. Japanese Society of Irrigation, Drainage, and Reclamation Engineering. 127. 1-9 (1987)

Tahei，Yamamoto：“使用滴灌法研究植物根系土壤柱中水和盐的一维运动”，Trans。