Sustainable Development of Irrigated Agriculture in Arid Lands

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The research seeks to analyze the factors of desertification due to irrigation and recommend new irrigation guidelines for sustainable agriculture. The field works were carried out in China and Iran in Asia, in 1995 and in Niger, Ghana and Kenya in Africa, 1996.In 1995, at the Mu Us Shamo Research Center, Iocated in the southern Ordos Plateau of Inner Mongolia Autonoumous Region, new technologies of irrigation and drainage were discused to develop sustainable irrigated agro-forestry fields by using limited groundwater which can be economically developed for use as irrigation, water. Iran is developing irrigated agriculture、after going through the historical revolution and the Iran-Iraq-war which lasted for 15 years. Field works were carried out focusing on the functions as well as evaluation of the large scale Irrigation Projects using rivers in the Provinces of Esfahanm, Fars and Khuzestan. The main discussin are as follows ; (1) Countermeasures to sustain dune fixation and wind shelt … More er, (2) Establishment of irrigation method to save water, (3) Monitoring method using the satelite MSS data analysis, (4) Monitoring system of the salinization of river and groundwater, (5) Meteorological analysis for the arid lands distributed in the high latitude zones, and (6) Economic analysis of agroforestry for rural planning.In 1996, field works were carried out in three kind of regions as follows ; the semi-arid areas close to Niamey city in Niger, the cities of Accra, Kumasi and Tamale distributed in Ghana and the Perkerra irrigation sheme of National Irrigation Board close to Marigat district in Kenya, under the dry sub-humid conditions. The main discussions are as follows ; (1) The factors for desertification is analyzed by using the natural and social environments collected in the Saharian zone of East and West Africa, (2) The desertification is monitered by using the satelite MSS data, and (3) Small scale irrigation scheduling for sustainable agriculture is discussed by analyzing the factors of meteorological data The mechanism of salinization is investigated by reviewing on the existing rules for soil and water managements too. Less