Sustainable Development of Irrigated Agriculture in Arid Lands

干旱地区灌溉农业的可持续发展

• 批准号: 07041142
• 负责人: YAMAMOTO Tahei
• 金额: $ 6.4万
• 依托单位: Tottori University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1995 至 1996
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07041142/
• 关键词: climate characteristic; ground water utilization; river utilization; salinization; savanna zone; steppe zone; soil erosion; small scale irrigation system; MSS data; 東アフリカ; 地表水; 因子分析; 牧畜業; 飛砂防備林; 地表潅漑法; 衛星画像; 大規模農業水利プロジェクト; 期間降水量; 地下水モニタリ

The research seeks to analyze the factors of desertification due to irrigation and recommend new irrigation guidelines for sustainable agriculture. The field works were carried out in China and Iran in Asia, in 1995 and in Niger, Ghana and Kenya in Africa, 1996.In 1995, at the Mu Us Shamo Research Center, Iocated in the southern Ordos Plateau of Inner Mongolia Autonoumous Region, new technologies of irrigation and drainage were discused to develop sustainable irrigated agro-forestry fields by using limited groundwater which can be economically developed for use as irrigation, water. Iran is developing irrigated agriculture、after going through the historical revolution and the Iran-Iraq-war which lasted for 15 years. Field works were carried out focusing on the functions as well as evaluation of the large scale Irrigation Projects using rivers in the Provinces of Esfahanm, Fars and Khuzestan. The main discussin are as follows ; (1) Countermeasures to sustain dune fixation and wind shelt … More er, (2) Establishment of irrigation method to save water, (3) Monitoring method using the satelite MSS data analysis, (4) Monitoring system of the salinization of river and groundwater, (5) Meteorological analysis for the arid lands distributed in the high latitude zones, and (6) Economic analysis of agroforestry for rural planning.In 1996, field works were carried out in three kind of regions as follows ; the semi-arid areas close to Niamey city in Niger, the cities of Accra, Kumasi and Tamale distributed in Ghana and the Perkerra irrigation sheme of National Irrigation Board close to Marigat district in Kenya, under the dry sub-humid conditions. The main discussions are as follows ; (1) The factors for desertification is analyzed by using the natural and social environments collected in the Saharian zone of East and West Africa, (2) The desertification is monitered by using the satelite MSS data, and (3) Small scale irrigation scheduling for sustainable agriculture is discussed by analyzing the factors of meteorological data The mechanism of salinization is investigated by reviewing on the existing rules for soil and water managements too. Less

这项研究旨在分析灌溉引起的沙漠化因素，并为可持续农业建议新的灌溉指南。1995年在亚洲的中国和伊朗以及1996年在非洲的尼日尔、加纳和肯尼亚进行了田间试验。1995年，在位于内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯高原南部的毛乌斯沙莫研究中心，讨论了灌溉和排水的新技术，以利用有限的地下水开发可持续灌溉的农林复合农田，这些地下水可以经济地开发用于灌溉。伊朗在经历了长达15年的历史革命和两伊战争后，正在发展灌溉农业、。开展了实地工作，重点是埃斯法罕姆省、法尔斯省和胡泽斯坦省利用河流的大型灌溉项目的功能和评估。主要讨论如下：(1)沙丘固沙和防风…的持续对策(2)建立节水灌溉方法；(3)利用卫星MSS资料分析监测方法；(4)河流和地下水盐碱化监测系统；(5)高纬度干旱区气象分析；(6)农林复合经营农村规划经济分析。尼日尔尼亚美市附近的半干旱地区，阿克拉、库马西和塔马莱市分布在加纳，肯尼亚国家灌溉局的佩尔克拉灌溉系统靠近马里加特地区，在干燥的亚湿润条件下。主要研究内容如下：(1)利用东非和西非萨赫勒地区的自然和社会环境资料分析了沙漠化的成因；(2)利用卫星MSS资料对沙漠化进行了监测；(3)通过分析气象资料的因子，探讨了可持续农业的小尺度灌溉制度。通过回顾现有的水土管理规则，探讨了沙化的机理。较少

项目成果

山本太平: "乾燥地における潅漑農業の持続的発展-イラン国ク-ゼスタン州を対象にして-" 農業土木学会中四国支部講演要旨. 116-117 (1995)

Taihei Yamamoto：“旱地灌溉农业的可持续发展 - 以伊朗库齐斯坦省为中心 -”日本农业和土木工程师学会中国四国分会讲座摘要 116-117（1995）。

池浦 弘、魏 江生、山本太平、大槻恭一、井上光弘、駒村正治: "中国毛鳥素砂漠における地下水調査-乾燥地における潅漑農業の持続的発展(III)" 農業土木学会講演会要旨. (印刷中). (1996)

Hiroshi Ikeura、We Jiangsheng、Taihei Yamamoto、Kyoichi Otsuki、Mitsuhiro Inoue、Masaharu Komamura：《中国酮本沙漠地下水调查——旱地灌溉农业的可持续发展（三）》日本农业土木工程学会讲座摘要（正在出版）。

山本太平,Sampson K.Agodzo: "ガーナ国の熱帯サバンナ地帯における砂漠化乾燥地における灌漑農業持続的発展(IV)" 第51回農業土木学会中国四国支部講演会講演要旨(1996年10月). 109-110 (1996)

Taihei Yamamoto、Sampson K.Agodzo：《加纳热带草原地区荒漠化干旱地区灌溉农业的可持续发展（IV）》日本农业土木工程学会中国四国分会第51届年会摘要（1996 年 10 月）109-110 (1996)。

Wei, J.S.and Yamamoto, T.: "Establishment of plant cover through aerial seeding in Yikezhaomeng Deserts of China" Proc.of JSIDRE、Branch of Chugoku-Shikoku 51 (in Japanese). 139-141 (1996)

Wei, J.S. 和 Yamamoto, T.：“中国伊克昭蒙沙漠中通过空中播种建立植物覆盖”Proc. of JSIDRE，Chugoku-Shikoku 51（日文）。

甲斐諭・姚洪林: "「中国内蒙古自治区における砂漠の緑化に果たす牧民の役割と生産・生活システム」浜砂敬三他編『現代経済システムの諸相』" 九州大学出版会(97年3月出版予定), (1997)

海树、姚洪林：“牧民及其生产生活系统在中国内蒙古自治区沙漠绿化中的作用”，滨砂圭三等主编，《现代经济体系的面貌》九州大学出版社（预定于 1997 年 3 月出版） , (1997)