Study of Practical Use of Machine Combined Seeder and Thinner with Compressed Air

本研究旨在研制一种高清晰度四轮驱动拖拉机联合播种机与间苗机，并探讨其实用性。1.1986年（第一年）：播种装置是一种由压缩空气操作的精密果树播种机。发芽的种子漂浮在具有高吸水性的植物颗粒制成的凝胶中，种子和凝胶都由0.05- 03 kgf/cm ^2压力的压缩空气携带。由于难以保持用于输送的种子分布恒定，因此试验了一种主动控制方法，该方法通过检测所输送的种子的时间间隔和罐中的基因残留来控制输送速度，并进行控制以将不必要的凝胶和种子去除到储存器中。稀释单元由用于工厂自动化的极低体积排放阀构成。一种农用化学品通过压缩空气被发送并喷射到目标。在这一年里，下一个术语是从实验中获得的。（1）凝胶输送速度a ...更多信息 （2）药剂流量、喷头种类、覆盖面积与压缩空气压力值的关系。1987年（第二年）：播种机由电磁螺线管夹管阀改为气缸夹管阀，由8位CPU实现全电-气控制。通过将稀化装置中的极少量出料阀由电磁操作阀改为全空气操作阀，实现了准确恒定的出料，防止了拉丝现象。其次，试制了一个在二维平面上运动的机械手。操纵器由图像处理单元控制，并且在目标上移动极低体积排出阀。在此基础上，将排种器、疏苗器、控制器和压缩机等安装在高清晰度四轮拖拉机上进行了试验研究。3. 1988年（最近一年）：在田间试验中获得了各种蔬菜的凝胶密度、凝胶与发芽或干燥种子的混合速率、输送和播种凝胶和种子的压力值的最佳值。对于稀化单元，获得了本研究所用农药的浓度、排出压力的最佳值。4.未来的研究：未来的研究是澄清下一个术语。（1）建立了幼苗叶面积、叶片生长速度、叶柄生长速度、叶片形状等图像数据库，并提取了蔬菜和杂草生长阶段的重要特征。（2）实现了播种和间苗作业的自动化。少

The objects of this research are to develop a machine combined seeder and thinner on a high-clearlance, 4WD tractor and to investigate its practical use. 1.1986(the first year) : A seeding unit is a precision fruidic drill machine operated by compressed air. Germinated seeds float in gel made by pladtic particiles with high capacity water absorbing characteristics and the both of seeds and gel are carried by compressed air of 0.05-03kgf/cm^2 pressures. Because it is difficult to keep seeds distribution for conveying constant, an active control method which controls a conveying speed by detecting time interval of conveyed seeds and residue of gen in the tank, and controls to remove unnecessary gel and seeds to a reservoir is made on trial. A thinning unit is constructed by a very low volume discharging valve for factory automation. An Agricultural chemical is sent and jetted to a target by compressed air. In this year, next terms are obtaind from experiments. (1)conveying speed of gel a … More nd seed with pressure value of compressed air, (2)relation between flow rate of agricultural chemicals, nozzle varieties, covering area and pressure value of compressed air. 2.1987(the second year) : The seeding unit is improved to full electronic-pneumatic controlling operation with 8-bit cpu by changing a pinch valve from a electro-magnetic solenoid to an air cylinder. The thinning unit is improved by changing the very low volume discharging valve from a electro-magnetic operated valve to a full air operation valve, so an acculately constant discharge is obtained and a wirepulling phenomenon is prevented. In the next place, a manipulator moving on two dimensional planeis made on trial. The manipulator is controlled by an image processing unit and moves the very low volume dischaging valve on a target. And then, the seeding unit, the thinning unit, the controller and compressor are built in a high-clearlance 4WD tractor and experiments were done. 3.1988(the last year) : Optimum values of a density of gel, a rate mixing gel and germinated or dried seeds, pressure value for conveying and seeding gel and seeds as to various kinds of vegetable are obtained on the field tests. for the thinning unit, optimum values of a density of agricultural chemical used on this research, discharging pressure are obtained. 4. future research : A future research is to clarify next terms. (1)Construction of image databases which are leaf area of seedling, growing speed of leaf and stalk of seedling, shape of leaf and extraction of significant features about growing stages of vegetables and weeds, (2)Automation of plant control added to the seeding and thinning operation. Less