Study of Practical Use of Machine Combined Seeder and Thinner with Compressed Air

本研究的目的是在一台高清晰度四轮驱动拖拉机上研制一种播种机与稀释机联合作业的机械，并对其实际应用进行研究。1.1986(第一年)：播种机是一种由压缩空气操作的精密播种机。萌发的种子漂浮在具有高吸水性的塑料颗粒形成的凝胶中，种子和凝胶都由0.05-03kgf/cm~2的压缩空气携带。由于很难保持输送种子的分布恒定，因此试制了一种主动控制方法，该方法通过检测输送种子的时间间隔和罐内的遗传残留物来控制输送速度，并控制将不必要的凝胶和种子移到储存罐中。用于工厂自动化的稀释阀由一个非常小的排料阀构成。一种农用化学品通过压缩空气被送往目标，并被喷射到目标。在这一年，下一个学期是通过实验获得的。(1)凝胶a…的输送速度(2)农药流量、喷嘴种类、覆盖面积与压缩空气压力值的关系。2.1987(第二年)：将排种器由电磁电磁阀改为气缸，改进为8位中央处理器的全电-气控制作业。通过将极低流量的卸料阀由电磁操作阀改为全空气操作阀，对稀释器进行了改进，获得了精确恒定的卸料量，并防止了拉丝现象。其次，试制了在二维平面上运动的机械手。操纵器由图像处理单元控制，并在目标上移动极小体积的排污阀。在此基础上，在一台高清晰度四轮驱动拖拉机上搭建了播种单元、稀疏单元、控制器和压缩机，并进行了试验研究。3.1988(上一年)：通过田间试验，得出了各种蔬菜的胶体密度、胶体与发芽或干燥种子的比例、胶体输送播种的压力值的最佳值。对于稀释机，得出了本研究中使用的农药浓度、卸料压力的最佳值。4.未来研究：未来研究是为了澄清下一步的术语。(1)建立苗木叶面积、苗木叶柄生长速度、叶形及蔬菜、杂草生育期显著特征提取等图像数据库；(2)播种间伐作业增加植物控制自动化。较少

The objects of this research are to develop a machine combined seeder and thinner on a high-clearlance, 4WD tractor and to investigate its practical use. 1.1986(the first year) : A seeding unit is a precision fruidic drill machine operated by compressed air. Germinated seeds float in gel made by pladtic particiles with high capacity water absorbing characteristics and the both of seeds and gel are carried by compressed air of 0.05-03kgf/cm^2 pressures. Because it is difficult to keep seeds distribution for conveying constant, an active control method which controls a conveying speed by detecting time interval of conveyed seeds and residue of gen in the tank, and controls to remove unnecessary gel and seeds to a reservoir is made on trial. A thinning unit is constructed by a very low volume discharging valve for factory automation. An Agricultural chemical is sent and jetted to a target by compressed air. In this year, next terms are obtaind from experiments. (1)conveying speed of gel a … More nd seed with pressure value of compressed air, (2)relation between flow rate of agricultural chemicals, nozzle varieties, covering area and pressure value of compressed air. 2.1987(the second year) : The seeding unit is improved to full electronic-pneumatic controlling operation with 8-bit cpu by changing a pinch valve from a electro-magnetic solenoid to an air cylinder. The thinning unit is improved by changing the very low volume discharging valve from a electro-magnetic operated valve to a full air operation valve, so an acculately constant discharge is obtained and a wirepulling phenomenon is prevented. In the next place, a manipulator moving on two dimensional planeis made on trial. The manipulator is controlled by an image processing unit and moves the very low volume dischaging valve on a target. And then, the seeding unit, the thinning unit, the controller and compressor are built in a high-clearlance 4WD tractor and experiments were done. 3.1988(the last year) : Optimum values of a density of gel, a rate mixing gel and germinated or dried seeds, pressure value for conveying and seeding gel and seeds as to various kinds of vegetable are obtained on the field tests. for the thinning unit, optimum values of a density of agricultural chemical used on this research, discharging pressure are obtained. 4. future research : A future research is to clarify next terms. (1)Construction of image databases which are leaf area of seedling, growing speed of leaf and stalk of seedling, shape of leaf and extraction of significant features about growing stages of vegetables and weeds, (2)Automation of plant control added to the seeding and thinning operation. Less