Study on Development of Autonomous Electrical Vehicle with Power Generation by Solar Cell and Wind Power

1. 太阳能电池和风力发电机的设置6个硅单晶型太阳能电池单元设置在指向南方的平坦空间上。每台最大容量为50W。这些装置的仰角在夏季、冬季、春季和秋季可根据太阳的顶点高度调整三个位置。风力发电机设置在4m高钢管顶部，其周长无障碍物。测量太阳能电池产生的电能测量太阳能电池产生的电能和太阳总辐射。通过USB型a /D转换器对产生的电压和充电电流进行监测和测量。通过电流变送器检测充电电流。当太阳总辐射约为lkW/m^2时，产生的电压为15.9V，充电电流为3.15A。因此，所产生的太阳能功率约为50W，单位面积效率为13.9%。两种不同类型太阳电池的比较对硅单晶型太阳电池和非晶型太阳电池进行了比较，硅单晶型太阳电池的效率优于非晶型太阳电池。当控制太阳能电池朝向太阳时，清晨和日落时间的效率提高了。自动驾驶汽车电动汽车只能在直线上行驶。为此，在蓄电池车上增加了齿条式转向装置和干式电磁离合器。通过对地磁方向的探测进行了自主控制实验，取得了良好的效果。

1. Setting of solar cell and a wind power generatorSix silicon monocrystal type solar cell units were set on the flat space pointed to the south. Each unit has 50W of the maximum capacity. The angle of elevation of these units is adjustable three positions according to the height of culmination of the sun in summer, winter, and spring and autumn. The wind power generator was set on the top of steel pipe with 4m height and its circumference has no obstacle.2. Measurement of electric energy generated by solar cellsThe electric energy generated by the solar cell and the global solar radiation were measured. The generated voltage and the charging current were monitored and measured through a USB type A/D converter. The charging current was detected by current trans. When the global solar radiation was about lkW/m^2, the generated voltage and the charging current were 15.9V and 3.15A, respectively. Therefore, the generated solar power is about 50W, and the efficiency per a unit area is 13.9%.3. Comparison of two different type solar cellsBoth silicon monocrystal type solar cell and amorphous type solar cell were compared, and the efficiency of silicon monocrystal type is better than the amorphous type. When the solar cell is controlled facing to the sun the efficiency in early morning and sunset time is improved.4. Autonomous vehicleA battery car travels on the straight line only. So rack and pinion steering device and dry type electro-magnetic clutch were added to the battery car. Experiments of the autonomous control by detecting the direction of terrestrial magnetism were done, and the good results were obtained.