The Development of a Prototype Transmission Positron Microscope

近年来，我们对电子的反物质——正电子的认识得到了很好的扩展。因此，使用它作为一个微观探针变得现实。本项目的目的是发展透射正电子显微镜的基本技术如下：1。用最简单的装置设计制造了一台透射正电子显微镜样机。良好聚焦正电子束的产生与能量、束径、角导流、3。这样一束聚焦良好的光束的加速和扫描研究结果总结如下：1。透射式正电子显微镜原型机的设计与制造：超高真空系统、正电子计数系统等的引入，使我们能够用最简单的装置制造出显微镜原型机。2. 高亮度正电子枪的设计与制造：利用几种类型的静电透镜，产生了高亮度正电子束。发现光束的特性与射入显微镜的微光束相适应。3. 通过加速静电透镜、扫描电极、聚光透镜、物镜和投影透镜等组合，构建了一台100键透射正电子显微镜样机。通过以上的研究结果，可以对显微镜进行详细的测试，研究大约100个键的正电子与固体的相互作用。

In recent years, our understanding of a positron, an antimatter of an electron has been well expanded. As a result, the use of it as a microscopic probe becomes realistic. The aim of the present project is the development of basic techniques for a transmission positron microscope as follows: 1. the design manufacture of a prototype transmission positron microscope with the simplest setup, 2. the production of well focused positron beam with respect to energy, beam diameter, angular diversion, 3. the acceleration and scanning of such a well focused beam.Research results are summarized as follows: 1. the design and manufacture of a prototype transmission positron microscope: The introduction of a ultra high vacuum system, a positron counting system and so on enabled us to construct a prototype microscope with the simplest setup. 2. the design and manufacture of a high brightness positron gun: By the use of several types of electrostatic lenses, a high brightness positron beam was produced. The feature of the beam was found to be suitable for the micro beam incident into the microscope. 3. the acceleration and scanning of such a high quality beam:By the combination of acceleration electrostatic lenses, scanning electrodes, condenser lens, objective lens and projector lens and so on, a prototype 100 key transmission positron microscope was constructed.By the above research results, the testing of the microscope in details and the study of the interaction of positrons of around 100 key with solids were made possible.