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RESEARCH AND CONSTRUCTION OF THE SYSTEM FOR THE DIFFRACTION AND THE SCATTERING OF THE CIRCULARLY POLARIZED X-RAYS

圆偏振X射线衍射与散射系统的研究与构建

基本信息

批准号：
63880014
负责人：
KIKUTA Seishi
金额：
$ 6.72万
依托单位：
University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1988 至 1989
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The studies concerned with the circularly Polarized X-rays become very important. However, the system for those studies does not exist up to now. In this developmental scientific research we constructed this system and generated the perfect circularly polarized X-rays using the dynamical diffraction.We proposed the new type X-ray phase plate with which the Bragg- case diffraction are used (Bragg-case phase plate). In order to prepare this phase plate we designed and constructed the special etching machine. The crystal can be rotated in the solution during the etching by this machine. With this machine we obtain the perfect Si(lll) thin crystal (62 mum thick) of the uniform thickness in the circular area of 25 mm diameter. We checked the thickness and the uniformity of the crystal by the absorption of X-rays. Preliminarily we checked the function of this phase plate and obtained the polarized state of the X- rays from the phase plate predicted by the dynamical theory of X-ray diffraction.We equipped the phase plate with the special goniometer and constructed the system for the diffraction and the scattering of the circularly polarized X-rays. This system consists of three parts. The linear polarized X-rays are generated from the polarized crystal equipped with the first goniometer. Second and third goniometers are for the Bragg-case phase plate and for the sample with which the scattering experiment of the circularly polarized X-rays are studied, respectively.In order to examine the circularly polarization ratio of the X- rays from the Bragg-case phase plate we equipped the analyzer crystal with the third goniometer. The circularly polarization ratio was changed due to the incident angle of the X-rays understood by the dynamical theory of X-ray diffraction. Finally we obtained the perfect circularly polarized X-rays.

圆偏振X射线的研究变得非常重要。然而，这些研究的系统至今还不存在。在本项发展性科学研究中，我们构建了这一系统，并利用动态衍射产生了理想圆偏振X射线，提出了一种新型的X射线布拉格盒衍射位相板（Bragg-case位相板）。为了制备这种位相板，我们设计并建造了专用的蚀刻机。本机可在蚀刻过程中使晶体在溶液中旋转。利用该设备，我们获得了在直径为25 mm的圆形区域中厚度均匀的完美Si（III）薄晶体（62 μ m厚）。我们通过X射线吸收检查了晶体的厚度和均匀性。我们首先检验了这种位相板的性能，并根据X射线衍射动力学理论，从位相板上得到了X射线的偏振态，在位相板上安装了专门的测角仪，建立了圆偏振X射线衍射和散射系统。该系统由三部分组成。线性偏振X射线由配备有第一测角仪的偏振晶体产生。第二和第三个测角仪分别用于布拉格位相板和用于圆偏振X射线散射实验的样品，为了测量布拉格位相板发出的X射线的圆偏振度，我们在分析晶体上安装了第三个测角仪。根据X射线衍射的动力学理论，圆偏振度随X射线入射角的变化而变化。最后，我们得到了理想的圆偏振X射线。