Identification and characterization of a barley yellow dwarf virus resistance gene in maize

玉米大麦黄矮病毒抗性基因的鉴定和表征

• 批准号: 403095468
• 负责人: Dr. Antje Habekuß
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Resistenzforschung und Stresstoleranz
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/403095468?language=en
• 关键词: Identification; characterization; barley; yellow; dwarf

Barley yellow dwarf is the most widely spread viral disease of cereals. It is caused by the Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) and the Cereal yellow dwarf virus (CYDV), where the first is causing more severe damages than the second. Maize plays an important role in the epidemiology of BYDV and is as well damaged by the virus. With increasing global temperatures, viral diseases in general and BYDV in specific are expected to become prominent problems in cereal and maize cultivation. The control of the virus itself is not possible and insecticides to control the BYDV-transmitting aphids are not certificated in Germany. Resistant maize can break the transmission cycle of BYDV and therewith could as well contribute to a reduction of the BYDV problems in other cereals. In an earlier study, we detected a BYDV resistance factor at the bottom of chromosome ten, which explained considerable proportions of the phenotypic variance of the traits virus concentration and disease symptoms. Based on these experiments, the gene GRMZM2G018027 is the best candidate as BYDV resistance gene. The homolog of this gene in Arabidopsis thaliana is OXS3 that is described to be involved in the production of H2O2. As H2O2 is known to play an important role in pathogen defense, GRMZM2G018027 could be involved in a general pathogen defense reaction. One of the objectives of the proposed project is to identify and validate the BYDV resistance gene in maize. This will be reached with the help of five so called heterogeneous inbred families. Artificial inoculation experiments and experiments characterizing the sucking behavior of aphids on recombinant plants of the heterogeneous inbred families as well as genotypes that were created by transforming the maize inbred A188 with different alleles of GRMZM2G018027 will be used to improve our understanding of the molecular function of the BYDV resistance gene. Furthermore, we plan to quantify the contribution of the BYDV resistance gene to variation of other viral diseases.

大麦黄矮病是传播最广泛的谷类病毒性病害。它是由大麦黄矮病病毒(BYDV)和谷物黄矮病病毒(CyDV)引起的，前者造成的危害比后者更严重。玉米在黄矮病的流行中起着重要的作用，玉米也受到该病毒的危害。随着全球气温的升高，普遍的病毒病和特定的黄矮病将成为谷物和玉米种植中的突出问题。病毒本身的控制是不可能的，德国也没有批准用来控制传播黄矮病病毒的蚜虫的杀虫剂。抗性玉米可以打破黄矮病的传播循环，从而有助于缓解黄矮病在其他谷物上的问题。在早期的研究中，我们在10号染色体的底部检测到了BYDV抗性因子，这解释了病毒浓度和疾病症状的相当大比例的表型变异。因此，GRMZM2G018027基因是大麦黄矮病抗性基因的最佳候选基因。该基因在拟南芥中的同源基因是OXS3，它被描述为参与过氧化氢的产生。由于已知过氧化氢在病原菌防御中起重要作用，GRMZM2G018027可能参与了一般的病原菌防御反应。该项目的目标之一是鉴定和验证玉米中的黄矮病抗性基因。这将在五个所谓的异质近亲交配家庭的帮助下实现。通过人工接种试验和通过GRMZM2G018027不同等位基因转化玉米自交系A188所获得的重组植株上蚜虫吸食行为的研究，将加深我们对BYDV抗性基因分子功能的理解。此外，我们计划量化BYDV抗性基因对其他病毒疾病变异的贡献。