History of Italy (1770-1870): The Path to Modernity

意大利史（1770-1870）：通向现代性之路

• 批准号: 403618877
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Gabriele B. Clemens
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Dipartimento di Studi Umanistici
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/403618877?language=en
• 关键词: History; Italy; 1770; 1870; Path

The aim of the project is to write a monograph on Italian history of about 400 pages covering the period 1770-1870 which is needed for university teaching as well as for comparative European and global research. The existing studies are either outdated or focus unilaterally on political and cultural history. The same applies for Italian historiography where the impact of economic and social issues has often been neglected especially after the cultural turn. The majority of the monographic overviews starts with the Napoleonic era. My project however sets in earlier and attempts to apply the concept of Sattelzeit systematically for the first time on Italy where this theory has hardly been employed. If placed into the context of the Italian states before 1789, the innovations of the liberal French legislation in Italy can be understood better. Furthermore, important impetuses of the reform period continued to affect Italian society even after the Congress of Vienna. Therefore, the validity of the term Restauration shall be examined critically regarding the Italian states. The volume will conclude with the conquest of Rome by troops of the young Italian nation-state in September 1870. From this date (forward), the entire Apennine belonged to the Kingdom of Italy. By choosing this chronological approach, a profound understanding of the first years of the new nation-state becomes possible, thereby highlighting the difficulties regarding the implantation of liberal laws and the centralistic administration.The planned monograph will offer an overview of recent historiography for the period 1770-1870. By referring to own interpretations, this concise synthesis including political, cultural, economic and social issues, shall set new priorities. One of these is to revise the existing cultural history studies critically. Various authors claim that Italians have been mobilized for the formation of a nation-state through literature, historiography, opera and painting on a massive scale thereby disproving older theses which state that the nation-state had been a project of the intellectual and ruling elites. They argue hermeneutically by analysing texts of classical high literature presuming their mobilizing effect without even trying to prove their reception. Finally, it seems appropriate to re-examine the overemphasis of the role of the upper middle classes/bourgeoisie which made up only 2-3% of Italy´s population. It is often overlooked that noblemen and commons collaborated in politics, culture and economy.

该项目的目的是写一本关于意大利历史的专著，约400页，涵盖1770-1870年期间，这是大学教学以及欧洲和全球比较研究所需的。现有的研究要么是过时的，要么是片面地关注政治史和文化史。意大利史学也是如此，经济和社会问题的影响往往被忽视，特别是在文化转向之后。大部分的专题概述开始与拿破仑时代。然而，我的项目开始得更早，并试图在意大利首次系统地应用萨特尔泽特的概念，因为在那里几乎没有使用过这一理论。如果把它放在1789年以前的意大利诸邦的背景下，就可以更好地理解法国自由主义立法在意大利的创新。此外，即使在维也纳会议之后，改革时期的重要推动力仍继续影响着意大利社会。因此，关于意大利各州，应严格审查恢复一词的有效性。本卷将以1870年9月年轻的意大利民族国家的军队征服罗马为结尾。从此以后，整个亚平宁半岛都属于意大利王国。通过选择这种按时间顺序排列的方法，可以深入了解新的民族国家的最初几年，从而突出了自由法律和中央集权管理的实施困难。计划中的专著将概述1770-1870年期间的近代史学。通过参考自己的解释，这一包括政治、文化、经济和社会问题在内的简明综合报告将确定新的优先事项。其中之一就是批判性地修正现有的文化史研究。许多作者声称，意大利人已经被动员起来，通过文学、史学、歌剧和绘画大规模地形成一个民族国家，从而反驳了那些认为民族国家是知识分子和统治精英的项目的旧论点。他们通过分析古典高雅文学的文本来进行解释性的论证，假设它们具有动员作用，甚至不试图证明它们的接受情况。最后，重新审视仅占意大利人口2-3%的中上层阶级/资产阶级的作用似乎是合适的。贵族与平民在政治、文化、经济等方面的合作往往被忽视。