PaTHS - Pastoral Tracks Heading South: The evolution of the droveways (tratturi) in Central-Southern Italy

路径(牧道向南：意大利中南部车道(Tratturi)的演变)将促进一种创新的跨学科方法，以了解交通及其流动路线如何长期塑造地中海景观的特征。转牧是一种牧业，需要沿着指定的小径在夏季和冬季牧场之间季节性地转移牲畜。南欧生态系统的长期演变产生了田园景观，其特点是独特的生态系统和连接牧场的索道网络。今天，交通历史景观是重要的经济、生态和文化资产，其可持续管理受到地方政府和国际组织的推动。该项目将重点放在意大利中南部，那里的历史交通网络包括大约3,000公里的标志性索道(Tratturi)，自新石器时代早期(公元前6世纪)以来，那里的田园活动有记录。据我们所知，从来没有用考古方法直接调查过车道。此外，很少系统地分析牧民路线与更广泛的考古和历史景观之间的关系。路径的目标是填补这一知识空白。通过将景观考古学、景观史、民族考古学、地球科学、古植物学和地理空间分析结合起来，PATHES将揭开荒漠的历史和田园景观和环境的演变，以促进良好的管理做法，并为未来的政策提供信息。

PaTHS (Pastoral Tracks Heading South: The evolution of the droveways (tratturi) in Central-Southern Italy) will promote an innovative trans-disciplinary approach to understand how transhumance and its mobility routes shaped the character of Mediterranean landscapes in the long term. Transhumance is a type of pastoralism entailing a seasonal movement of livestock between summer and winter pastures along designated trails. The long evolution of transhumance in Southern Europe generated pastoral landscapes, characterised by unique ecosystems and networks of droveways connecting pastoral sites. Today, the historic landscapes of transhumance are key economic, ecological, and cultural assets, and their sustainable management is promoted by local governments and international organisations. The project will focus on Central-Southern Italy, where the historic transhumance network included about 3,000 km of iconic droveways (tratturi) and where pastoral activities are documented since the Early Neolithic (6th mill BC). To the best of our knowledge, droveways have never been directly investigated using archaeological methods. Furthermore, the correlations between pastoral routes and the wider archaeological and historic landscape have rarely been systematically analysed. The goal of PaTHS is to fill this knowledge gap. By combining landscape archaeology, landscape history, ethnoarchaeology, geosciences, palaeobotany and geospatial analysis, PaTHS will unravel the history of tratturi and the evolution of pastoral landscapes and environments, to promote good management practices and inform future policies.