Rapid adaptation of signaling networks in the fungal Pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae

真菌病原体 Magnaporthe oryzae 信号网络的快速适应

• 批准号: 403841309
• 负责人: Dr. Stefan Jacob
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Immunologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/403841309?language=en
• 关键词: Rapid; adaptation; signaling; networks; fungal

The question of how the remarkably diverse array of eukaryotic signaling networks has evolved is of enormous scientific relevance. Evolutionary adaptation of living organisms is commonly thought to be the result of processes that acted over long periods of time. The proposed project is motivated by recent observations that microorganisms are able to rapidly adapt to new environments and establish stable phenotypes by natural selection, even within few generations. We found the filamentous rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae to rapidly rewire signal transduction required for osmoregulation in several independent “loss of function” (lof)-mutants of the High Osmolarity Glycerol (HOG)-pathway upon exposure to salt stress. Adaptation resulted in stable mutants of the model organism being restored in osmoregulation arising as individuals outgrowing from salt-sensitive lof-mutants. The major compatible solute produced upon salt stress by these rapidly “adapted” strains was found to be glycerol whereas it is arabitol in the wildtype strains. These findings lead to the hypothesis that stable adaptation-events under continuously environmental evolutionary pressure enable Magnaporthe oryzae to rapidly restore or modify entire signaling networks. To address this hypothesis, we aim to identify the molecular or biochemical mechanisms of this rapid evolutionary adaption and characterize associated factors and signalling pathways which enable or prevent adaption. Both project partners will interact synergistically to combine expertise of theoretical approaches to integrate sequencing data from genomics and transcriptomics with modern quantitative (phospho)-proteomics techniques. Furthermore, reversed molecular genetics will be used to validate the candidate genes or even other factors (e.g. phosphorylation patterns) found to be putatively promote or constrain rapid evolutionary adaptation. Consequently, the proposed project will open the door to investigate the relationship of phenotypic and genetic evolution in eukaryotic microorganisms.

真核生物的信号网络是如何进化的，这个问题具有巨大的科学意义。生物体的进化适应通常被认为是长期作用过程的结果。最近的观察表明，微生物能够迅速适应新的环境，并通过自然选择建立稳定的表型，甚至在几代内。我们发现，丝状稻瘟病菌Magnaporthe nerve迅速重新布线信号转导所需的高渗透压甘油（HOG）途径暴露于盐胁迫后，在几个独立的“功能丧失”（LOF）-突变体的nerve调节。适应导致模式生物的稳定突变体在盐敏感性LOF突变体中生长出来的个体在盐调节中恢复。盐胁迫后，这些迅速“适应”的菌株产生的主要相容性溶质被发现是甘油，而它是阿拉伯糖醇在野生型菌株。这些发现导致了一个假设，即在持续的环境进化压力下，稳定的适应事件使Magnaporthe能够快速恢复或修改整个信号网络。为了解决这一假设，我们的目标是确定这种快速进化适应的分子或生化机制，并表征相关因素和信号通路，使或防止适应。两个项目合作伙伴将协同互动，联合收割机的理论方法的专业知识，整合从基因组学和转录组学与现代定量（磷酸）蛋白质组学技术的测序数据。此外，反向分子遗传学将被用来验证候选基因，甚至其他因素（如磷酸化模式）被发现可促进或限制快速进化适应。因此，拟议的项目将打开大门，研究真核微生物的表型和遗传进化的关系。