权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

In Pursuit of the Mechanisms of Life: Collaboration Across Disciplinary Boundaries in Biology, Chemistry and Physics, 1918-1939

追寻生命机制：生物学、化学和物理学跨学科界限的合作，1918-1939

基本信息

批准号：
403962374
负责人：
Professorin Dr. Kärin Nickelsen
金额：
--
依托单位：
Abteilung für Wissenschaftsgeschichte
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2017-12-31 至 2020-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/403962374?language=en
关键词：
Pursuit Mechanisms Life Collaboration Across

项目摘要

This project investigates how the programme of physico-chemical biology was implemented in collaborative, cross-disciplinary research projects in the interwar period. It is well known that in the 1920/30s the application of physical and chemical methods to biological problems was generously funded. It has been argued that this funding policy laid the groundwork for the rise of molecular biology: in terms of instruments and techniques as well as content, practices and culture – especially regarding the transgression of disciplinary boundaries. However, the existing literature has predominantly been concerned with developments in the United States and the field of genetics. This project aims at substantially broadening the perspective. It attempts to survey themes, methods and goals of physico-chemical biology in the interwar period, with a particular focus on the field’s transatlantic, collaborative, and epistemic dimensions. By analysing four cases of cross-disciplinary research in detail, the project reconstructs how and for what reason biologists, chemists, and physicists decided to collaborate across disciplinary boundaries; how they planned, coordinated and evaluated their research; and how they conceived of the explanation of biological phenomena with recourse to physico-chemical processes. The actors’ methodology is of particular importance in this context. They often referred to their subject of investigation as “mechanisms”, a term that has received much attention in recent philosophy of science. By its in-depth analysis of historical examples, the project will also be able to assess, whether and to what extent the categories of the “new mechanistic philosophy” are helpful to better understand the actors’ research goals, norms and strategies; and, if necessary, suggest extensions and modifications of how to adequately describe the research heuristics. By thus pursuing both philosophical and historical goals, the project is designed to contribute to an integrated History and Philosophy of Science.

本项目调查了两次世界大战期间，物理化学生物学计划是如何在合作，跨学科的研究项目中实施的。众所周知，在20世纪20/30年代，物理和化学方法在生物学问题上的应用得到了慷慨的资助。有人认为，这一资助政策为分子生物学的兴起奠定了基础：在仪器和技术以及内容，实践和文化方面-特别是在学科界限的跨越方面。然而，现有的文献主要关注美国和遗传学领域的发展。该项目旨在大大拓宽视角。它试图调查的主题，方法和目标的物理化学生物学在两次世界大战期间，特别侧重于该领域的跨大西洋，合作和认识层面。通过详细分析跨学科研究的四个案例，该项目重建了生物学家，化学家和物理学家如何以及出于什么原因决定跨学科合作;他们如何计划，协调和评估他们的研究;以及他们如何构思借助物理化学过程来解释生物现象。在这方面，行为者的方法特别重要。他们经常把他们的研究主题称为“机制”，这个术语在最近的科学哲学中受到了很多关注。通过对历史实例的深入分析，该项目还将能够评估“新机械论哲学”的类别是否以及在多大程度上有助于更好地理解参与者的研究目标、规范和策略;如果必要，还将建议如何适当描述研究方法的扩展和修改。通过追求哲学和历史目标，该项目旨在为科学的历史和哲学做出贡献。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（5）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Understanding past research practice: A case for iHPS

了解过去的研究实践：iHPS 案例

DOI：
10.4324/9781351214827-4
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
The Past, Present, and Future of Integrated History and Philosophy of Science
影响因子：
0
作者：
Schürch;Caterina
通讯作者：
Caterina

Physicochemical Biology and Knowledge Transfer: The Study of the Mechanism of Photosynthesis Between the Two World Wars

理化生物学与知识转移：两次世界大战期间光合作用机制的研究