Value for Money? Cooperation and Competition in the Human Genome Mapping Project

物有所值吗？

• 批准号: 388719012
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Kärin Nickelsen
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung für Wissenschaftsgeschichte
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/388719012?language=en
• 关键词: Value; Money; Cooperation; Competition; Human

The Human Genome Project (HGP) for mapping and sequencing the human genome is paradigmatic for the sea change in the life sciences of the late 20th century into a both cooperative and competitive field of research in close interaction with political and economical interests. The project focusses on the relatively unknown, but highly relevant genome research in the UK. In the first funding period the project dealt with the negotiation of cooperative practices and conventions within the HGP against the backdrop of mounting competition. We focused on the group around John Sulston (Cambridge/Hinxton), its transatlantic cooperation, and the Human Genome Organisation (HUGO). In this second period we turn our gaze towards the British Human Genome Mapping Project (HGMP), a coordinated network which was closely linked to the HGP. John Sulston played a major role there too, however, the leading force behind the HGMP was Sydney Brenner. The project examines how far Brenner and others succeeded in establishing a cooperatively coordinated research network in the face of scientific rivalry between research groups and sites and how economic, political and social factors impacted this balance and in turn, epistemic goals and priorities. As the research system of the United Kingdon was thoroughly restructured in the 1980s/90s, this can be observed especially vividly. Our project analyses the resulting dynamic on the micro and meso level of the network.

人类基因组计划（HGP）用于绘制和测序人类基因组，是20世纪晚期生命科学领域发生巨大变化的典范，它与政治和经济利益密切互动，成为一个既合作又竞争的研究领域。该项目侧重于英国相对不为人知，但高度相关的基因组研究。在第一个供资期间，该项目涉及在竞争日益加剧的背景下谈判HGP内的合作做法和公约。我们把重点放在约翰·萨尔斯顿（剑桥/欣克斯顿）周围的小组，它的跨大西洋合作，以及人类基因组组织（HUGO）。在第二个阶段，我们将目光转向英国人类基因组测绘计划（HGMP），这是一个与HGP密切相关的协调网络。约翰·萨尔斯顿在那里也发挥了重要作用，然而，HGMP背后的主要力量是悉尼·布伦纳。该项目考察了Brenner和其他人在面对研究小组和研究地点之间的科学竞争时，在多大程度上成功地建立了一个合作协调的研究网络，以及经济、政治和社会因素如何影响这种平衡，进而影响认知目标和优先事项。由于英国的研究体系在20世纪80 /90年代进行了彻底的重组，这一点尤为明显。我们的项目在网络的微观和中观层面分析了由此产生的动态。