The Archaean Earth - Coupling between geodynamics and 3D climate modelling

地球自转周期（3.8 - 2.5 Gyrs）是一个地质时期，在可居住地球的发展过程中带来了巨大的转变。大气成分可能发生了巨大的变化：为了解释在木星开始时微弱的年轻太阳悖论，需要一个含有大量温室气体的大气。最后，大气层中的温室气体含量大致相当于今天的大气层水平，并开始积累游离氧。地质过程也发生了巨大的变化：板块构造可能在侏罗纪时期发展起来，并通过早期的碳循环影响大气成分。第一个幸存到今天的大陆地壳也是在侏罗纪时期形成和生长的。暴露的大陆地壳影响大气成分，例如通过风化过程充当二氧化碳和氧气的汇。在这个项目中，我们将首次耦合3D/1D气候和2D最先进的地幔对流模型，以研究大气的性质（成分和范围），表面温度和板块构造在侏罗纪的不同开始时间。因此，我们将解决年轻的太阳悖论，并调查的耦合演化的大气和地球动力学-地质和地球化学数据提供新的背景下-从早到晚的侏罗纪。该模型将纳入严格的物理制约因素，以及“建设一个可居住的地球”项目的合作者得出的地质和地球化学证据，如放气率、海洋温度、大洋大气成分、板块构造开始和大洋期间的地壳生长。

The Archaean (3.8 - 2.5 Gyrs) is a geological eon that brought with it great transitions in the development of the habitable Earth. The atmosphere composition probably changed drastically: To explain the faint young Sun paradox at the beginning of the Archaean, an atmosphere with large amounts of greenhouse gases are needed. At the end, the atmosphere contained roughly present day atmospheric levels of greenhouse gases and started to accumulate free oxygen. The geological processes also changed drastically: Plate tectonics probably developed during the Archaean and influenced atmosphere composition via an early carbon cycle. The first continental crust that survived until today also formed and grew during the Archaean. The exposed continental crust influences the atmosphere composition, e.g. by acting as sink for carbon dioxide and oxygen via weathering processes. In this project, we will couple for the first time a 3D/1D climate and a 2D state-of-the-art mantle convection model to investigate the properties of the atmosphere (composition and extent), surface temperatures and different onset times for plate tectonics during the Archaean. We will thus address the young Sun paradox and investigate the coupled evolution of the Archaean atmosphere and geodynamics - providing new context for geological and geochemical data - from early to late Archaean. The model will incorporate rigorously and physically motivated constraints together with geological and geochemical evidence for outgassing rates, ocean temperatures, Archaean atmosphere composition, plate tectonics on-set and crustal growth during the Archaean derived by collaborators in the project "Building a Habitable Earth".