Changes in students' attitudes towards homeless people: a longitudinal and cross-sectional study of medical and nursing students

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Homeless people face several financial and non-financial barriers to accessing health care, and they are frequently stigmatized as troublesome and undesirable patients. The aim of this study is to analyze the changes on students’ attitudes of medical and nursing programs toward homeless people and the effect of age, gender, or any contact with homeless people on these attitudes. The Health Professional Attitudes Toward the Homeless Inventory (HPATHI), will be administered to medical students and nursing students of the Nagoya City University Japan from AY 2022-2027.The HPATHI was completed by 85 first-year medical students, for an overall response rate of 85%. The records of 85 students (57 males, 27 females, and 1 other gender) who had all required data were used for data analysis. The mean HPATHI score at baseline was 57.8 (min 51, max 82) out of maximum 90 on the instrument. Only five students had previous contact with homeless people during their first-year medical program. On the other hand, the HPATHI was completed by 74 first-year nursing students, for an overall response rate of 92.5%. The records of 74 students (1 males, 73 females, and 1 other gender) who had all required data were used for data analysis. The mean HPATHI score at baseline was 67.6 (min 55, max 84) out of maximum 90 on the instrument. Only five students had previous contact with homeless people during their first-year medical program.